Vol 23, No 2 (2024)

Full Issue

AIRCRAFT AND SPACE ROCKET ENGINEERING

Increasing the efficiency and stability of fuel supply to the combustion chamber of a liquid rocket engine by spray nozzles

Ageenko Y.I., Bubnova A.S.

Abstract

In this paper, various configurations of jet nozzles are analyzed, as well as their design. The effects of the inlet chamfer of jet nozzles on their flow rate and range are considered.  It is shown out that today it is expedient to make precision micro-holes of the nozzles using high-precision three-dimensional electric-erosion equipment. The optimal design parameters of jet nozzles are also determined.

VESTNIK of Samara University. Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering. 2024;23(2):7-13
pages 7-13 views

Automation of the process of testing on-board systems of unmanned aerial vehicles

Kirillov A.V., Sitnikov V.V., Tuchin A.L.

Abstract

The article describes the experience of applying the methodology of Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) in the organization of ground tests of the on-board equipment complex of unmanned aerial vehicles at Kronshtadt JSC. This methodology was successfully used in the development of various complex control systems such as embedded control systems, digital signal processing, computer vision, radar and communications. The analysis of the on-board equipment testing process using an existing ground test bench was performed, and a method for automating its operation has been proposed. The calculation of economic efficiency was performed.

VESTNIK of Samara University. Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering. 2024;23(2):14-27
pages 14-27 views

Comparative results of computational and theoretical study of the annular nozzle with a flat central body

Kirshina A.A., Levikhin A.A., Kirshin A.Y.

Abstract

One of the ways to improve specific characteristics of the power plant of a launch vehicle for ladeploying payload to the near-Earth space is to provide the possibility of operation of a fixed nozzle in the design mode over the whole active leg of the flight trajectory. The nozzle should be compact, lightweight, well-cooled. For detailed testing of the possibility of introducing a nozzle into the rocket engine chamber it is necessary to be able to quickly assess the true value of the thrust and the specific impulse the chamber with such a nozzle can achieve. This article presents the results of comparison of the thrust and specific impulse, obtained during calculations using engineering methods, numerical modeling for the atmospheric section and high-altitude sections of the trajectory. The results of the calculation are compared with the experimental values of the specific impulse obtained on the rocket engine test-bed under atmospheric operating conditions. These results can be effectively applied both to evaluate new and to improve existing nozzle designs of wide-range rocket engines.

VESTNIK of Samara University. Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering. 2024;23(2):28-39
pages 28-39 views

Reliability-oriented design of PCM thermodimensionally stable space structures

Klimakova L.A.

Abstract

The problem of ensuring the specified thermo-dimensional stability of structures from laminated polymer composite materials for the service life period is considered. A method of reliability-oriented design of a thermo-dimensionally stable composite structure is proposed, according to which its design parameters are set with regard to the possibility of obtaining thermal strain properties under specific processing and the changes of these properties for the operational conditions and duration of using the article as intended. Within the framework of the presented approach, the features of design upon the dimensional accuracy and stability criterion when meeting the requirements of strength and stiffness are discussed, an algorithm of a packaged solution of the design task is given.

VESTNIK of Samara University. Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering. 2024;23(2):40-48
pages 40-48 views

Aircraft electric power plants

Kondryakov A.D., Leontiev M.K.

Abstract

The paper presents a review of electrification of the existing propulsion systems and creating new hybrid propulsion systems based on the concept of more electric aircraft and all-electric aircraft in Russia and abroad. New promising directions of electrification of the existing aircraft propulsion systems and creating new hybrid aircraft propulsion systems are specified on the basis of the review.

VESTNIK of Samara University. Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering. 2024;23(2):49-61
pages 49-61 views

Method of first-approximation calculation of take-off weight of a light aircraft with a hybrid propulsion system

Sychev A.V., Arbuzov I.V., Ravikovich Y.A.

Abstract

The article discusses a method for calculating, as a first approximation, the take-off weight of a light aircraft with a hybrid power plant based on piston and electric engines. A brief overview of organizations dealing with hybrid power plants is given.  The influence of the degree of hybridization of the power plant on the take-off weight of the aircraft is shown. The degree of hybridization of a power plant is understood as a relative value characterizing the distribution of the total power of all engines installed on the aircraft between piston and electric engines. The main parameters necessary to determine the take-off weight of an aircraft to a first approximation are presented. The take-off weight of the aircraft is determined to a first approximation from the equation of its existence. Statistical data of aircraft with different types of power plants are provided on the basis of which calculations are carried out. As a first approximation, the relative mass of the hybrid power plant is determined by analyzing the statistical data of light aircraft with piston and electric engines, from which the corresponding graphs are constructed. After the calculations, conclusions were drawn about the optimal range of characteristics of a light aircraft with a hybrid power plant.

VESTNIK of Samara University. Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering. 2024;23(2):62-73
pages 62-73 views

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Experimental research of the effect of manufacturing holes and defects on the mechanical characteristics of laminated polymer composite

Assi A.L., Boldyrev A.V., Pavlov A.A.

Abstract

The paper presents a developed methodology for experimental research of the mechanical characteristics of a laminated polymer composite, taking into account manufacturing holes and defects. The results of experimental determination of mechanical characteristics are presented, the influence of the filler material, the type of fabric fiber weave, holes and manufacturing defects on the mechanical characteristics of laminated carbon fiber reinforced plastic are analyzed. The test specimens were made from carbon fiber 200T, 200P, ACM C300X and binder “Inject SL(B)”. Static tests of specimens for uniaxial tension, compression and three-point bending were performed.

VESTNIK of Samara University. Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering. 2024;23(2):74-88
pages 74-88 views

Investigation of a multilayer magnetorheological elastomer damper characteristics

Bazinenkov A.M., Shagimuratova A.K., Makeev I.V., Bakharev V.A., Mukhanov V.V.

Abstract

The paper presents the design of a damper based on a multilayer magnetorheological elastomer that has high load capacity, up to 500 N. The damper is able to operate in all vibration control modes, depending on its control signal. The damper cooling system is presented. Vibration tests were carried out and the damper amplitude-frequency characteristics were obtained. The transition process of damper displacement with a control step signal was analyzed.

VESTNIK of Samara University. Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering. 2024;23(2):89-99
pages 89-99 views

Assessment of the endurance limit of light structural metal components using the fatigue surface development method

Zalyaev R.A., Kirpichev V.A.

Abstract

The paper presents a numerical method developed by the authors. The method consists in obtaining a three-dimensional component fatigue surface model according to the results of tests corresponding to two to four values of the operational factor, making it possible to plot the fatigue limit – operational parameter curve. A description of the algorithm of the method is presented, its validity is confirmed. The results show good agreement with outside empirical data for other values of the operational parameters. A model of the fatigue surface is constructed. The model specifies the calculation of strength of aircraft elements operating in rarified atmosphere (e.g. engine compartments of space complexes and upper stages of carrier rockets). The model increases the endurance calculation accuracy and enables structural mass optimization.

VESTNIK of Samara University. Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering. 2024;23(2):100-108
pages 100-108 views

Forecasting the parameters of performance monitoring of complex technical systems

Zolotov A.A., Rodchenko V.V., Gusev E.V., Karyagin I.A.

Abstract

The problem of monitoring the performance of technical systems is considered, corresponding to the stage of final control during the production of a product, as well as the stage of testing the product before its use. Based on the generalization and development of the existing approaches, models and methods for monitoring the performance of complex technical systems were developed, and models for predicting the parameters of their control were proposed. Methods of optimizing the number of tests of units of technical systems when monitoring their performance were developed. Methods for estimating the optimal level of the total defect rate are proposed. The efficiency of the proposed approaches is illustrated using a specific numerical example. The methods and models presented in the article can be useful for engineering and technical workers of design bureaus, research institutes, research and production associations and enterprises in ensuring the reliability of products and technical systems.

VESTNIK of Samara University. Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering. 2024;23(2):109-120
pages 109-120 views

Experimental analysis of instability and self-oscillations in an electrohydraulic servo drive

Petrov P.V., Sunarchin R.A., Mashkov M.A., Krivosheev N.S.

Abstract

The tendency to self-oscillations is one of the most important problems of closed-loop hydraulic systems. In actual systems losses occur, variation of the transmitted energy and the strength of the system structural elements are always limited. This is the reason why self-oscillations are most often present. The main purpose of the research is to reveal the mechanisms of instability and self-oscillations in an electro-hydraulic servo drive to make a numerical simulation of the drive characteristics. A servo drive has all the conditions for the generation of self-oscillations: the oscillatory element – the movable member of the drive and a column of elastic liquid, the source of energy. Regular oscillations in a drive are maintained due to the energy of compressed liquid, feedback, non-linear character of generated and absorbed energy etc.  An experimental analysis of a servo system of the FESTO training simulator was carried out. The aim of the research was to accumulate materials for the development of mathematical models that would adequately represent the main properties of actual systems.

VESTNIK of Samara University. Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering. 2024;23(2):121-131
pages 121-131 views

Investigation of the dynamic characteristics of the pneumatic-mechanical drive of the installation movements of machine mechanisms

Prikhodko S.P., Sidorenko V.S., Korotych D.A.

Abstract

The creation of new and improvement of existing machines and mechanisms requires the development of drive engineering and the creation of new drive systems capable of competing with currently known circuit solutions. Under these conditions, the creation of combined pneumatic-mechanical drives is an important scientific and technical task. The purpose of this work is to increase the speed at a given accuracy of auxiliary movements of the target mechanisms of technological machines by creating a pneumatic-mechanical drive with improved energy and dynamic characteristics. The technical solution of a positioning pneumatic-mechanical drive of executive movements of technological equipment is presented, mathematical and computer models are developed. In this case, the method of solving the differential equation in the SimInTech program is used. As a result, an oscillogram of transients is obtained. The developed models allow for dynamic analysis of pneumatic-mechanical systems.

VESTNIK of Samara University. Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering. 2024;23(2):132-142
pages 132-142 views

Improving the accuracy of industrial robot movements in the process of incremental shaping

Sazonnikova N.A., Ilyukhin V.N., Surudin S.V., Mezentsev D.A.

Abstract

The paper shows the relevance of using a laser tracker as part of an automated technological complex to improve the accuracy of movements of an industrial robot manipulator in the process of incremental shaping. The requirements for the measuring system of the technological complex are formulated. A mathematical model of the magnitude of the signal recorded using a laser tracker based on the results of measuring the movements of the robot manipulator is constructed. An algorithm for correcting robot movements in the process of incremental shaping in real time is described.

VESTNIK of Samara University. Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering. 2024;23(2):143-156
pages 143-156 views

Modelling width of the spectral component of a gas-turbine engine gearbox output shaft speed

Sundukov A.E., Shakhmatov E.V.

Abstract

Gearbox is the most stressed component in an aircraft gas-turbine engine. This implies the need for finding ways to monitor its technical condition. Practice shows that the most efficient method is vibration-based diagnostics. However, this method requires the use of sophisticated measurement systems and highly skilled personnel. This paper shows that errors of gear coupling manufacture and assembly, characteristics of machine operating mode, design factors, frequency modulation of the carrier of the engine rotor speed in the stationary mode of its operation, and wear of teeth flanks determine the width of the spectral component of the gearbox output shaft speed. Using the results obtained from the developed model of the width of gear tooth spectral component, ratios for width of the spectral component of the signal of the “standard” tachometric speed sensor of the gearbox output shaft speed and the corresponding spectral component of its vibration were obtained. Models for repaired and newly manufactured gearboxes and gearboxes with tooth flank wear were proposed. This allowed the development of a number of new diagnostic indicators of a defect. Several examples of the use of these new diagnostic indicators are given for the gearbox of one of turbo-prop engines. The results obtained provide an opportunity to assess the gearbox technical condition in operation.

VESTNIK of Samara University. Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering. 2024;23(2):157-166
pages 157-166 views

INFORMATION SCIENCE, COMPUTING TECHNOLOGY AND CONTROL

The relevance of introducing a requirements management system in the production process of the aircraft engine construction industry

Malinovskiy I.M., Starodumov A.V., Myagkov K.A., Yusipov B.K.

Abstract

It is necessary to have access to documents containing product requirements during the design process. Search and processing of this data slows down the product design significantly. The reduction of time losses calls for the availability of a proper software tool. In this work, programs for the creation of requirements management systems are considered. The proposed concept of the requirements management system will make it possible to increase the efficiency of the product design process. The identified potential of the software allows us to talk about the possibility of introducing this program into the production process of enterprises in the aircraft engine industry.

VESTNIK of Samara University. Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering. 2024;23(2):167-177
pages 167-177 views

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