Vol 29, No 4 (2023)

To the 80th anniversary of Gennady Petrovich Yarovoy

Kabytov P.S.

Abstract

10 years have passed since the president of Samara State University, Honored Worker of the Higher School of the Russian Federation, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor Gennady Petrovich Yarovoy suddenly passed away.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2023;29(4):8-11
pages 8-11 views

History

Domestic and foreign Marxist tradition of the Northern Ireland conflict origins definition (1969–1998)

Afanas’eva D.A.

Abstract

The article examines the perspectives of Soviet and foreign Marxist researchers in relation to the underlying causes of the beginning and escalation of Northern Irish conflict (The Troubles). The significance of this research lies in comprehending the lesser-explored Marxist heritage within the contemporary study of historical events in Great Britain and Ireland. The scientific novelty lies in addressing the scarcity of historiographical works dedicated to this issue, the depth of analysis they provide, and the absence of comprehensive comparative experiences. The research aims to investigate specific processes in the intellectual history of the USSR and other countries during the latter half of the XX century, focusing on instances of interaction or lack thereof between various Marxist schools of thought and trends. This is achieved by utilizing the Marxist historiography of the Northern Ireland conflict as an illustrative case. To fulfill this objective, the study undertakes a comparison of extensive sets of historiographical sources and internal subgroups of approaches present within Eastern and Western scholarly traditions that explore aspects of the Northern Ireland conflict within the context of Marxism. The primary theoretical framework draws upon the works of foreign and Russian Marxist scholars devoted to the issue of intercommunal conflict in Northern Ireland. The key finding of the research highlights the existence of evident similarities, encompassing logical, substantive, and linguistic-rhetorical aspects, between the works of Western and Eastern Marxists, despite the lack of direct citations between them. The research postulates several hypotheses concerning the origins of this phenomenon, including the potential impact of distinct methodologies on researchers’ perceptions of social processes and historical events, irrespective of the array of available source material. Furthermore, the research does not negate the possibility of implicit interactions between proponents of the English-language and the Russian-language Marxist academic traditions.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2023;29(4):12-19
pages 12-19 views

Semiotic space of the frontier «city N» using the example of Samara of the provincial period (1851–1917)

Kobozeva Z.M., Kazantseva S.G.

Abstract

The article analyzes the complex semiosphere of the city of Samara in the second half of the XIX – early XX century, transformed into a provincial center that has no ancient urban history, geographically belonging to the «inner outskirts» of the Russian Empire and combining simultaneously the features of the frontier and the provincial «city of N.» The authors prove that one of the new phenomena of urban socio-cultural life of the era of modernization is fashion, not only as an area responsible for urban costume, but also as a broad program of fashion signs, the assimilation of which led to the transformation of the provincial center, brought into a much larger rural environment, into a kind of «crucible» of culture, pulling under the surrounding space has its own level. It’s easy to be a city where the whole territory is permeated with urban history. But how to develop a set of urban signs of culture where the «wild field» was historically located earlier?

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2023;29(4):20-27
pages 20-27 views

Militarized environment in narratives and practices of Russian medical personnel of the First World War

Likhacheva A.S.

Abstract

Based on the analysis of individual narratives and expert materials created by Russian doctors and nurses of mercy during the occupation of Galicia in the First World War, the article intends to reconstruct the models of perception of the hostile environment and the practice of its mastering by medical personnel. The appeal to ego-documents allows revealing little-studied aspects of the interaction between man and nature in the conditions of the first industrial war. On the one hand, natural conditions were the most important factor in the activities of doctors and nurses of mercy: the peculiarities of climate, soil and water determined the activities on medical support of the front, occupied regions and frontline territory. On the other hand, epidemiological practices based on the construction of negative images of alien nature had a direct impact on the state of the environment: disinfection of water, soil and air sources, and the spread of sanitary and hygienic infrastructure. In this regard, the perception of belligerent landscapes and their construction, the use of environmental images in the communication of medical professionals fit into a wide range of motifs and forms: nature as a victim of industrial warfare and an object of compassion, nature and the living beings inhabiting it as a space of epidemiological danger, nature as an object of potential control by means of disinfection.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2023;29(4):28-35
pages 28-35 views

Food industry of the North Caucasus during the first five-year plans (a case study of Kuban and Stavropol)

Salfetnikov D.A.

Abstract

The article considers the development processes of the food industry of the North Caucasus in the late 1920-ies–1930-ies drawing on the example of Kuban and Stavropol. The aim of the study is to provide a comprehensive analysis of these processes in a ratio of the segments of this industrial branch, to show its conditions and development problems, as well as the factors of its significance both for the local economic system and the country’s economy. To develop these objectives, based on a system approach, as well as other historical research principles and methods, the peculiarities of the regional character, the development dynamics of the Kuban and Stavropol food industry are analyzed for the first time, and their potentials are compared. The author enlarges upon the economic specifics that was determining the economic priorities in these regions of the country and was revealing in the close interrelation of this industry branch with agriculture in these regions. The article shows the structure of the food industry, peculiarities of production, influencing the development of its traditional branches, such as oil production industry, flour milling, meat, dairy, and others, as well as objective and subjective problems, overcome by the industry enterprises. The conclusions are drawn that in the pre-war period, the development of the food industry had reached a whole new level, which was manifested both in noticeable increase in the volume of output, and in the emergence of new industry branches, namely, food-canning, glass, as well as in the change of the industrial appearance of the fish and wine industries. The article emphasizes the role of some large enterprises, both reconstructed and novel, which actively participated in the fulfillment of the most important production goals of the first five-year plans, as well as strengthening regional economies and ensuring food security of the country.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2023;29(4):36-44
pages 36-44 views

Industrial potential of the Kazakh SSR during the Great Patriotic War (1941–1945)

Akkuzinov A.K.

Abstract

The aim of the article is to analyze the activities of various industries of the Kazakh SSR during the Great Patriotic War, aimed at providing raw materials to enterprises of the military-industrial complex and their own production aimed at improving the defense capabilities of the Soviet state. The relevance of the study was determined by the need to identify trends in the development of industry in the Kazakh Republic during the Patriotic War. The source base of the work was the works of Soviet, Russian and Kazakh authors, information from the Archive of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan dedicated to the history of the Great Patriotic War. The peculiarities of technological production aimed at increasing labour efficiency in the coal, non-ferrous, oil, chemical and energy industries of the republic are given. The growth trends of the indicators of these industries are revealed. The main ones are: increase of raw materials extraction at Karaganda coal basin, construction of auxiliary industrial enterprises, such as brick, cement works, explosive materials plant, woodworking plant, etc. In non-ferrous metallurgy, growth of non-ferrous metal output during the war years increased manifold compared to the pre-war periods. In oil industry – growth of high-quality oil production in Western Kazakhstan. In the chemical industry – increase of the list of products through construction of new shops and workshops of the operating enterprises of the chemical industry of the republic. In the energy sphere – construction of new power stations from regional to industrial levels. It is concluded that the identified trends in industrial development in Kazakhstan during the Great Patriotic War were a definite contribution to the improvement of the defensive capability of the USSR and in its victory over Germany.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2023;29(4):45-52
pages 45-52 views

Analysis of social and economic activity by Togliatti local government in 1991–2005

Evpalov V.V.

Abstract

The main aim of this article is to analyze the effectiveness of the social and economic activities of the Togliatti local government in 1991–2005. To reveal this aim, author set the following tasks: 1) assessment of the external conditions and historical context that affect the work of the Togliatti local government during the study period; 2) comparison of the effectiveness of social and economic activities of various heads of the Togliatti city administration; 3) introduction of evaluation criteria for the social and economic activities of the city administration; 4) to offer a description of the activities of the Togliatti city administration in 1991–2005; 5) trace the relationship between the efficiency of the administration and the appeals of local residents. There are special historical methods: historical-systemic, problem-chronological, comparative-historical. As a source base, the author used archival data from the Togliatti’s archive, monographs, reviews, problematic articles. The relevance of this research is determined by the new formulation of the problem of local self-government and the relevance of the data obtained. Historical researches of local self-government have practical significance as a theoretical basis for the implementation of social policy of local government. Now, this problem has not yet been sufficiently developed. There are a number of unsystematized researches, who raise only an aspect of the problem and therefore require clarification and additions. The author proved the inconsistency of the social and economic activities of Togliatti city administration. During the crisis of the 1990-ies it was succeeded to avoid the problems of monotowns. In the period from 1991–2000 private enterprises more actively fulfilled their social obligations, which became possible due to external circumstances. From 2000–2005 the social and economic actions of the administration turned out to be short-sighted and even destructive for the population.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2023;29(4):53-60
pages 53-60 views

Ethno-confessional factor as a discriminatory phenomenon of the southern Chadian people from 1990–2023

Leon A.W.

Abstract

In this article we will talk about ethnic contradiction which is a common way and always exists in political life, but it almost never appears in their pure form. In many cases it is difficult to separate them from contradictions that arise on religious grounds. As practice shows, ethnicity is often inseparable from religion, which is why the symbiosis of these two phenomena interests us particularly in the discriminatory socio-political phenomenon against the Chadian people of the South. For years a part of the Chadian population of the south, mainly Christian, has seen itself marginalized, several of their villages have been bathed in blood by a confrontation between farmers (Christians) and breeders (Muslims), supported by big military figures who insist on displaying their allegiance to the Idriss Deby clan and his heirs (party in power for 30 years), the killings continue in the southern zone with the macabre blessing of transitional president Mahamat Deby with the logistical support of France.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2023;29(4):61-65
pages 61-65 views

Linguistics

Terminology of the aerospace industry: systemic and structural features

Ivanchina O.Y.

Abstract

This article presents an attempt to describe systemic and structural features of contemporary English-language aerospace terminology. Relevance of this terminological system study is determined by rapid development of aerospace industry. Its terminology is expanding rapidly as well. Specifically, existing terms acquire new conceptual meanings; new concepts appear as well as terms to convey them; concepts and terms from adjacent domains are borrowed; general language words become specialized knowledge units within the framework of specific terminological system. The purpose of this study is to describe systemic features of aerospace terminology from the perspective of basic requirements to terms, as well as to describe structural features of terms in question. Terminological units are subject to linguistic analysis, which can be carried out in a number of ways. To conduct the research aiming at describing aerospace terminology as a system, the author used definitional, structural and statistical methods. The terminological system of the industry in question is based on «genus proximum et differentia specifica» principle. It is also marked by the presence of polysemous, homonymous, and synonymic terms. As for the structural features, there are both monolexemic and polylexemic terms: monolexemic terms cover basic, derived, and compound terms with predominance of simple terms; polylexemic terms comprise two-component, three-component, and multicomponent terms with predominance of two-component terms. Most polylexemic terms have abbreviations. Abbreviations are omnipresent in the aerospace industry terminology: on the one hand, they simplify specialized communication; on the other hand, abbreviations prevent non-specialists from understanding the aerospace discourse.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2023;29(4):122-128
pages 122-128 views

Participation of referential mechanisms of subject nominations in the implementation of reliability in English and Belarusian media texts

Basovets I.M.

Abstract

Taking into account the proportion of objective and subjective, accurate and approximate in reporting of events, the problem of information reliability in different media cultures, is relevant not only from the linguistic point of view, but also proves to be essential for every modern consumer of information. This article is devoted to establishing correlations between the referential mechanisms of subject nominations that encode sources of information and parameters of the reliability of what is reported in English and Belarusian media texts of various genres. The research is based on the methods of analysis, comparison and classification; methods of contextual, semantic and linguo-pragmatic analysis. It has been established that in both media cultures, the referential characteristics of subjects have a direct impact on the reliability of the message in terms of the accuracy / inaccuracy parameter of the language nomination of information sources: the use of a referential subject contributes to an increase in the reliability of the reported data; a non-referential subject, as a rule, reduces the reliability and in limited cases does not change its indicators. It is shown that referential subjects, which are cognitive authorities, participate in the implementation of factual and communicative reliability; non-referential subjects as pseudo-cognitive authorities contribute to the preservation of communicative reliability only and do not provide any of the reliability types if they are sources with an unknown reputation. Taking into account the parameter of objectivity / subjectivity in the modern English and Belarusian press, it was revealed that in both media cultures submitting information exhibits a thematic-genre determination, the absence of simple correlations ‘one-sided reporting – subjectivity’, ‘multisided reporting – objectivity’, the interpenetration of objectivity and subjectivity depending on multiple subjects. It is shown that the objective reporting is possible when the event is covered in a balanced way: without a discourse overweight in favor of one of the parties and without evaluative comments from the journalist-narrator.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2023;29(4):129-140
pages 129-140 views

Language representation of the concept of entropy – energy in the journalism of E. Zamyatin

Mozhnova Z.I.

Abstract

The article is devoted to identifying the features of the linguistic representation of the idea of revolutionary renewal of the world, which is the most important for the worldview system of E. Zamyatin. The study was carried out in line with the anthropological trend that is relevant in modern linguistics. The focus is on vocabulary related to the reflection of the concept of entropy - energy transferred by E. Zamyatin from the field of physical and mathematical knowledge to the field of the humanities. Much attention is paid to the analysis of the functional features of words combined into a lexical-semantic group with a common meaning of the subjects of the revolutionary process, as well as the representation of the concept of revolution in the writer’s journalism. The main objectives of the study are to determine the individual author’s component in the meanings of keywords and describe their systemic relationships. The main research method is contextual analysis. In the process of identifying actualized semes in the structure of lexical meaning, the method of component analysis is used; when determining the subtlest semantic nuances associated with the peculiarities of the writer’s individual worldview, the semantic-stylistic method is used. Historical and literary articles and essays by E. Zamyatin became the source of factual material. The result of the analysis was a description of a significant fragment of his individual picture of the world. The study of the writer’s journalism in the proposed perspective was undertaken for the first time. As a result, a conclusion was made about the principles of constructing a lexical microsystem that reflects the dialectical views of E. Zamyatin, the contextual meanings of keywords were identified, and methods for updating these meanings were described. The principle of binary oppositions, which underlies the writer’s comprehension of reality, determined the specifics of his idiostyle: the use of language game techniques based on the opposition of the meanings of a polysemic word, the active use of contextual antonyms and occasional words.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2023;29(4):141-149
pages 141-149 views

System relations in Russian vocabulary as a reflection of the mechanism of knowledge categorization

Ilyukhina N.A.

Abstract

The article examines the issues of systemic semantic organization of vocabulary from the point of view of how they reflect the principles of categorization of knowledge about reality. Different principles that underlie the systemic organization of semantic paradigms of different types are shown. Some principles of categorization are reflected in the semantic structure of a single word, as well as a specific paradigm that captures the result of categorization of one fragment of reality. It is shown that the principles of knowledge categorization in this case reflect the objective features of the denotation in its perception by consciousness. Other principles of knowledge categorization are revealed when comparing different types of semantic paradigms (lexical-semantic group, lexical-semantic field, associative-semantic field, derivational-semantic field), including those that categorize knowledge about the same denotative field. The principles of categorization, identified on the basis of a comparison of interword semantic relations within the framework of paradigms of different types, are to a greater extent universal and relate to the cognition of any or many denotative areas. A comparison of relationships between lexical units in different types of semantic paradigms confirms the fact of multiple categorization of knowledge about the same reality as a principle of categorization of knowledge about the world. This conclusion follows from the picture of multiple intersections of different types of paradigms, which include the same lexical units. Comparison of systemic organization of semantic paradigms of different types more fully reveals the mechanism of systematizing activity of consciousness – categorization and conceptualization of knowledge in the world picture of linguistic community.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2023;29(4):150-155
pages 150-155 views

On relevance of borrowing the term «resilience» into Russian: as exemplified in professional economic texts

Martynova I.A.

Abstract

At the present stage of development, various cultures, economies, language systems and societies in general are in close interaction with each other. The processes of borrowing and assimilation of loan words in the language are becoming the most significant ones in the linguistic development of modern society. They bring to the fore the problem of the justified borrowings, which seems to be one of the most relevant for linguists. This article attempts to answer the question if the borrowing of the term «resilience» by the economic terminological system of the Russian language is justified. The issue of possible unification of the «resilience» concept and development of its clear structure is debatable in the Russian-speaking academic community and is of interest to both linguists and economists. The identification of the content constituents of this economic concept and its description for further unification of the economic conceptual apparatus can contribute to reflecting the multidimensional nature of that linguistic fragment of the world in which this concept is presented. The research methodology is a set of methods used in linguistic research, namely content analysis, analysis of dictionary definitions and articles of etymological dictionaries, frame modeling of a scientific concept, comparative analysis, and analysis of the phenomenon under study in synchrony and in diachronic timelines. The empirical material of this study was a corpus of 32 texts in English and 35 texts by Russian-speaking authors. The corpus is concentrated on economic topics, and mainly consists of academic papers. The results of the complex analysis demonstrate minor differences in the composition of the slots in the frames under study in English and Russian economic term systems. Possible translations of the scientific concept are considered. The choice of sound and graphic representation of the term in the Russian language is justified. The conclusion is made about the relevant borrowing of the term «resilience».

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2023;29(4):156-163
pages 156-163 views

About some lexical-semantic and structural-syntactic peculiarities of English scientific medical articles

Nedbailik S.R., Yakovleva E.A.

Abstract

This work concerns the problem of English scientific medical articles which present a separate trend, known for its peculiar lexical cast and structural-syntactic, compositional features. The abundance of special terminological nominations, high preciseness, strict logical order, clarity of material exposition and data presenting, large use of different type discourse-text ‘transitions’ for structural-semantic and lexical-syntactic organizing are most significant features of special scientific texts. All this approves for medical scientific discourse specific character, claiming for a large variety of its concepts in American and European linguistics, which, in its turn, provokes problems in treating basic multi-level language units. Thus, one can state a high actuality of regarding poly-functional text-forming elements in a multi-aspect, complex way. Just for this reason scientific texts lexical-semantic-syntactic peculiarities studying has become the objective of our research. The results of complex structural-compositional, lexical-semantic, syntactic-stylistic analysis fulfilled in the frame of given work give full grounds to state a certain specificity of multi-level organizing, structuring, lexical-terminological filling of poly-thematic scientific medical articles taken from original English-language sources.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2023;29(4):164-172
pages 164-172 views

Teaching Creative Writing within the framework of philology: historical overview

Shcherbinina Y.I.

Abstract

The purpose of the present article is to consider the dialectical relationship between Creative Writing and philology. The relevance of this subject is borne out by the recent surge of interest in teaching Creative Writing among EFL practitioners, writers, as well as teachers and researchers of literature, and the lack of a well-established system of instruction in our country. The materials analyzed in the paper include the works of American theoreticians and practitioners of Creative Writing, who laid the foundation of this discipline in the late 19th – early 20th century, the works of British scholars, as well as the articles on linguodidactics of modern Russian researchers. The paper seeks to point out the issues involved in teaching Creative Writing, such as its place among other disciplines (literary criticism, English studies, English composition, linguodidactics) and its institutional status; its vision as a mere method of teaching or a separate field of investigation. It is shown that the skills and competences developed by Creative Writing programmes are in high demand, and there is a growing need for such courses in Russia. The article aims to demonstrate the features that bring together Creative Writing and philology in the Russian academic context and allow to envisage the incorporation of Creative Writing into the professional training of philologists, in particular those specializing in English studies. The article concludes by highlighting the role creative writing plays in promoting a deeper appreciation of literature, developing productive language skills and raising more competent readers.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2023;29(4):173-182
pages 173-182 views

Linguistic realizations of engagement in TED talks

Boginskaya O.A.

Abstract

The article describes linguistic items used for actualizing the engagement strategy in the oral genre of popular science discourse of TED lectures, which seems to be understudied in modern scientific linguistics literature. A huge number of studies have shown that popular science discourse is an interactive event, the success of which depends on the degree and efficiency of interaction between the speaker and the audience. However, the metadiscourse strategies employed in popular science genres, including TED talks addressed to a wide audience, remain insufficiently studied. The research gap in this area of pragmalinguistics predetermines the need to study the strategies of interaction between the speaker and the audience. The research corpus consists of 80 scripts of TED talks posted on the ted.com website. The aim of the study is to analyze linguistic items used for realizing the strategy of engagement of the audience into the discussion, their categories, pragmatic functions and frequency. In order to study the types, functions and frequency of linguistic actualizers of engagement, the methods of quantitative and interpretive analysis were adopted. The study showed that TED lecturers use a variety of language tools, the most productive of which were questions and reader mentions. It was found that at the lexical and grammatical levels, the engagement strategy was realized through imperative verbs, first and second personal pronouns, interrogative constructions, as well as impersonal constructions with solidarity adjectives. The results of the analysis suggested that TED speakers strive to construct an effective dialogue with the addressee, to engage the audience in the process of representing scientific information, making it accessible to lay listeners. It was concluded that the pragmatically correct use of the engagement strategy in the genre of TED talks is an indicator of the pragmatic competence of the speaker and the key to effective communication with the audience.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2023;29(4):183-190
pages 183-190 views

Surgical terminological units: structure, meaning, distribution

Andreeva M.I., Yantykova A.A.

Abstract

The article focuses on a crucial human-related issue of nominating surgical interventions. The authors dwell upon the terms of cardiovascular manipulations and lower limb amputation. Medical terminology is of primary significance to both professionals and non-medical subjects due to its vital nature. Given the prevalence of current anthropocentric research works, this study is relevant. The relevance is further supported by a set of approaches to the surgical terminology followed in the study, in particular, semantic, structural, contextual analysis as well as the tools of online and offline text processing. The complexity and sophistication of the surgical discourse requires detailed and multifaceted analysis for their meaning and contextual use clarification. The article aims at revealing the semantic and structural specifics of the surgical terms based on medical written and spoken texts. The research rested on approximately 200 terminological units retrieved from the texts of a surgical Handbook and surgical manipulation video scripts. The work was performed in four stages. The analysis revealed that structurally, nominal word combinations prevail over verbal ones. The most frequent verbal meanings are ‘to open’, ‘to close’, ‘to introduce’, ‘to remove’, ‘to connect’ and ‘to find’. The semantic classification of the terms revealed that the stages of surgery, anatomical structures and instruments are nominated more frequently. The concordance lines generated by the AntConc tool for the key terms provided vivid representation of their contextual functions, features and collocations with body parts, body systems, and implementation methods.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2023;29(4):191-198
pages 191-198 views

The Phenomenon and the Notion of Discourse in the Modern Ontology of Language

Ivanov N.V., Fedulova M.N.

Abstract

The paper presents a theoretical substantiation of the concept of «discourse» as the most important ontological category in contemporary linguistics. It further explains the semantic evolution of the concept of «discourse» from philosophical scholasticism to modern humanitarian knowledge. The essence of the notion of «discourse» is unveiled through a number of fundamental oppositions in the ontology of the object of linguistics (the language), with the opposition of system and phenomenon, considered as the two sides of the ontology of language, being the most important of them. In each of its sides, the object strives to achieve ontological integrity. Systemic integrity is opposed to the phenomenological totality of language, which is what the notion of «discourse» is about. Systemic integrity in its material aspect relies on a certain sum of elements that are in structural relation to each other and create the structure of language. The discursive integrity of language in its material aspect is based on a speech fact (a word in its speech status, an utterance, a text), which stands in an interpretive relation to (an)other speech fact(s). An intertextual connection arises between speech facts; one fact follows another in a linear-historical sequence. The sum of speech facts constitutes the wholeness of expressive extent of discourse. In its ideal aspect, integrity is subject to the effects of certain semantic constants. As far as the systemic integrity of language is concerned, such a constant is a linguistic function (cognitive, communicative). In its phenomenological integrity, language is governed by the concept, which is the highest semantic setting of discourse, being the intuition of discourse. The two dimensions of integrity are inextricably linked, and complement each other in the general ontology of language.  Combining a set of activity-based and sociocultural approaches to language studies, the contemporary paradigm in the development of linguistics can be characterized as phenomenological. The paper is intended for specialists in the field of general theory of language, and history of linguistics.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2023;29(4):199-206
pages 199-206 views

Pedagogics

Quality of education: monitoring and evaluation of educational results

Rubtsova T.P.

Abstract

The quality of education is one of the most important and urgent problems in the modern educational world. With the advent of new technologies, global challenges and changes in the socio-cultural environment, education is becoming increasingly important as a factor of successful integration into society and achievement of personal and professional goals. The quality of education determines not only the level of knowledge and skills, but also forms competencies, develops critical thinking and promotes personal growth of students. In this context, the issues of the quality of education become the subject of universal interest and discussion, both among educational institutions and in society as a whole. How to ensure high quality training? How to evaluate and measure this quality? How to adapt educational standards to the changing needs of students and the labor market? This article discusses research on the quality of education, the search for optimal ways to modernize educational practices and achieve high standards of learning quality. The author examines various aspects of the quality of education, its impact on the personal and professional development of students, as well as ways to improve the quality of educational process in accordance with modern requirements and challenges, ways of students’ competencies in the modern educational system. The article also focuses on standardization and personalization of evaluation procedures, monitoring of educational results. Recommendations for improving the intra-university system of monitoring and evaluation of students’ educational results are offered.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2023;29(4):66-70
pages 66-70 views

Language training courses as a form of interaction between the university and business

Morozova A.L.

Abstract

Today, universities are quite actively establishing various forms of interaction with business, including in the field of establishing language training courses within the framework of education transfer. Here the author presents a unique experience of business interaction in the person of the Moscow Law firm and the Center for Innovative Educational and Language Strategies of the Department of English and Professional Communication of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation. This research aims to study the experience of designing and implementing online language training courses «English for lawyers» for lawyers practicing international law. As it is an on-going project, the author presents the first results of the study (May – June 2023). The development of educational tracks of the course determined the reference to the ideas of personality oriented and CLIL approaches. When verifying the content of education, the author relied on the initial language proficiency level of the students and on the author’s experience in teaching Legal English, in addition, on author’s developments, materials from authentic textbooks, legal websites and newspapers, court archives available on court websites, etc. The task set by the client – the development of communication skills in the field of Legal English – largely determined the choice of teaching methods. Here the author provides parts of classes based on: case method, business and role-playing games, elements of an inverted class, etc. The obtained primary results not only testify to the effectiveness of the work done in the course of interaction between the university and business, but also allow us to foresee promising directions in the given direction, for instance: the opening of new and promising areas of training of bachelor and master students that meet the latest trends in labour market development, etc.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2023;29(4):71-80
pages 71-80 views

Educational psychologist activity in terms of individualized learning

Rylov A.N.

Abstract

The pedagogical community comes to the idea that a future specialist in the field of education and upbringing should have a set of psychological and pedagogical knowledge, skills, and also specific personal qualities values and readiness for self-education and self-development, capability of responsible choice of professional goals, creative and non-standard search for solutions to a large number of pedagogical tasks. Thus, an educational psychologist becomes one of the most important specialists in the modern education system. The article discusses the professional activity of an educational psychologist. The stages of formation of the educational psychologist profession are highlighted, legal acts are analyzed. The role of an educational psychologist in the conditions of modernization of education is considered. It is proved that tutor competence is necessary for the successful professional activity of an educational psychologist in the process of individualization and personalization of education. The definition of the tutor competence of an educational psychologist is given as personality traits that integrates knowledge of methods for diagnosing individual characteristics of a student, methods of motivation and stimulation, development of skills for optimal selection of individual education trajectories in an open educational space for the purpose of professional, life and personal self-determination.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2023;29(4):81-86
pages 81-86 views

Educational and methodological enrichment of the learning process of foreign medical students

Rusakova M.M., Kushnyr L.A., Tsarskaya T.S.

Abstract

The process of internationalization and globalization is being actively implemented in domestic higher education, determining the degree of competitiveness of Russian universities. One of the indicators of Russian university participation in this process is the education of foreign students. Today, within the framework of the strategic program in the sphere of higher education policy «Education in Russia» («Обучение в России») more than 30 universities of our country train students from foreign countries. Teaching foreign students actualizes the search for new ways, methods, approaches to their educational process. In this regard, the question of normative-legal and educational-methodological support of the process of teaching foreign students, as well as its regular enrichment is particularly relevant. On the basis of the studied material, the article presents a theoretical substantiation of educational and methodological enrichment of the learning process in higher education by creating and approbation a textbook of a foreign language (English) for foreign students of medical specialty. The features of the composition of the content of the textbook in a foreign language (English) for foreign students of medical specialty are revealed. The significance of the system of exercises, including text-based tasks and lexical task-based tasks, is revealed. The authors’ examples are provided.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2023;29(4):87-95
pages 87-95 views

Psychological adaptation of cadets of higher educational institutions of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia to activity in extreme situations

Karapuzikov A.A., Muraev N.P.

Abstract

This article deals with an important topic – psychological adaptation of cadets of higher educational institutions of the Russian Ministry of Emergency Situations in the process of preparation for activities in extreme situations. This situations are out of the comfort zone of many people, so it is especially important for EMERCOM cadets to develop skills of adaptation and emotional stability. The article analyzes the problems associated with psychological adaptation, as well as the factors that influence it, considers the actual methods and ways of preparing cadets to work in extreme conditions and offers practical recommendations for their solution. The important role of psychological training in the process of cadets’ adaptation to work in extreme situations is shown, allowing them to develop the necessary skills and abilities required for making complex decisions and managing stressful situations within the boundaries of their professional activity. Psychological training helps cadets to develop psychological resilience, concentration of attention and ability to conduct effective activities in difficult conditions, including extreme ones.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2023;29(4):96-100
pages 96-100 views

Promising directions for improving the system of countering bullying and cyberbullying in educational organizations

Lapenko A.V.

Abstract

In modern conditions, the importance of working to combat bullying and cyberbullying is gradually increasing in connection with the humanization of the educational process and drawing attention to the problems of suicide among children and youth, the problems of shooting and Columbine, which are often associated with bullying in educational institutions. Taking into account its practical relevance, the stated topic attracts considerable attention from theoretical researchers. Thus, the multidisciplinary nature of the topic is clearly reflected in the fact that researchers from the field of pedagogy, psychology, various branches of law, management, sociology and many other fields are addressing the issues of improving the system of combating bullying and cyberbullying. Such a broad study of problems does not always allow for the development of solutions that can minimize the risks associated with bullying and cyberbullying in educational organizations. The author makes an attempt to reflect on the experience and proposals described by domestic researchers and highlight the most promising measures to improve the system of combating bullying and cyberbullying. It is proposed to improve the system of pedagogical work with students by developing in them the communication skills necessary to prevent bullying and cyberbullying. The need to provide psychological support to subjects of the educational process of chatbots is proven to simplify the interaction of representatives of educational organizations and other organizations whose goal is to minimize the risks associated with bullying and cyberbullying.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2023;29(4):101-107
pages 101-107 views

National education of a harmoniously developed personality of younger generation: practical experience of the teacher and politician Sabir Shayakhmetovich Ziganshin

Akhmedyanova A.K.

Abstract

In this article, the author reveals an urgent problem of modern society and state – the formation of a harmoniously developed personality of younger generation. The author focuses on national education, which at the regional level contributes to the formation of such a model of personality. She gives specific definitions of the concept of «national education» by projecting this category through the past and modern parallels. As an example, she reveals the concept of national education, developed and practically implemented by an outstanding teacher and politician of the Republic of Bashkortostan in the 70-ies of the XX century Sabir Shayakhmetovich Ziganshin. Puts the following ideas into the basis of the national education of a harmoniously developed student's personality: the formation of a personality based on the historical past and culture of his people, folk pedagogy, knowledge and ability to use his native language in the process of communication, labor education, and the construction of the educational process through the integration of regular and extracurricular activities. The model of national education became the main foundations in the formation of the national-regional education system of Bashkortostan, which is relevant to this day, and requires reassessment by modern scientists and pedagogical community. Studying the phenomenon of national education of a harmoniously developed personality and the introduction of S.Sh. Ziganshin's pedagogical ideas today would be an important step in achieving the strategic objectives set for school education and society.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2023;29(4):108-113
pages 108-113 views

Value-sense approach to the professional development of a modern teacher

Sagitdinova T.K.

Abstract

In the conditions of modern challenges, it is important to understand what values form the pedagogical worldview of the future teacher, determine the value orientations and ideological attitudes of the teacher. Based on the content analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature, there was created a theoretical model of professional development of a teacher, the key levels of this process are described, and its components are highlighted. The analysis of the data obtained as a result of pedagogical specialties students’ survey, and further systematization of the received responses, made it possible to identify the priority values of future teachers and give key characteristics of the main four axiotypes of modern teachers. An attempt was also made to form a portrait of a modern teacher taking into account the dominant axiotype.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2023;29(4):114-121
pages 114-121 views

Book Reviews

Review on the collection of documents: Famine in the Middle Volga region in the 20–30-ies of the XX century. Vol. 1. Paramonov V.N. (Ed.) Famine in the Samara province in the 20-ies of the XX century. Samara, 2014. 514 р.; Vol. 2. Paramonov V.N. (Ed.) Famine in the Middle Volga region in the 30-ies of the XX century. Samara, 2021. 798 р.

Leonov M.I., Leonov M.M.

Abstract

The peer-reviewed two-volume publication of documents was prepared by Samara archivists (responsible compiler Dubrovina E.N.) under the supervision of Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor Paramonov V.N. The authors set out to recreate a multifactorial complex documentary picture of the social humanitarian tragedy of the 1920–1930-ies in the Samara province and the Middle Volga region. The implementation of this task required a lot of effort and many years of work. The first volume, entitled «Famine in the Samara Province in the 20-ies of the XX century», is more than 32 printed sheets (514 p.) was published in 2014, the second – «Famine in the Middle Volga Territory in the 30-ies of the XX century», with a volume of 50 printed sheets (798 p.) was published in 2021. Both volumes contain 718 documents from six local and central archives, as well as a number of published collections of documents. Such a voluminous publication significantly supplements the factual base of previous editions, primarily due to materials from local archives. The scientific and reference apparatus of the publication has been professionally completed; archaeographic processing of documents was carried out at a high level. The publication under review is a significant event in historical knowledge and allows in many respects to take a different look at the events of the 1920–1930-ies.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2023;29(4):207-211
pages 207-211 views

Review on the collection of documents: Kochetkov V.D. (Ed.) Fortresses of the cities of the Volga region and the Urals at the end of the XVII – beginning of the XVIII century; compliers Kochetkov V.D., Khatskevich M.V., Chibis A.A. Cheboksary: Novoye Vremya, 2022, 204 p.

Dubman E.L.

Abstract

The review analyzes the archaeographic level of work with archival handwritten texts and their content in the collection of documents «Fortresses of the cities of the Volga region and Urals at the end of the XVII – beginning of the XVIII centuries» published in 2022. This publication of sources is the result of extensive painstaking scientific work with the funds of the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts by a group of historians including V.D. Kochetkova, M.V. Khatskevich, A.A. Chibis. The cases presented in the collection are kept in the collections of the Armory Chamber. They are of particular importance for researchers studying the period of development of the Volga and Urals regions at the turn of the XVII – XVIII centuries, at the beginning of the era of the transformative activity of Peter the Great. The significance of the publication under consideration lies, first of all, in the fact that the office work of the order of the Kazan Palace, which was in charge of the indicated territories, was practically completely destroyed by fires of the early XVIII century. Up to the present day, we can talk about the so-called “source famine”, noted by most historians dealing with the initial period of development of the European South-East as part of the Russian state. It should be noted that the specialists who prepared this publication have many years of experience in studying and publishing archival materials of the second half of the XVI – XIX centuries. It is also necessary to point out their good professional training and high qualifications demonstrated when working with documents of this fund. Certain errors that can be noted in the prepared publication are not significant. They do not violate the favorable impression formed when reading this collection of documents. In general, we can conclude that its publication is a serious contribution to the further study of the Volga and Urals regions at the end of the XVII and beginning of the XVIII centuries.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2023;29(4):212-216
pages 212-216 views

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