Vol 5, No 2-1 (2006): Special Issue

Historic references of liquid propellant rocket engines (LPRE) design and development in N.D. Kuznetsov STC are given in the article. A collective group of engineers and technicians of an experimental plant № 276 (now N. D. Kuznetsov STC) was charged with an important mission of joint design and development of LPRE on initiative of S.P. Korolyov who visited the plant and experimental bureau in 1958.
Within the period from June 1959 to May 1974 the collective body of the plant headed by N.D. Kuznetsov designed and developed for the first time in the world LPRE of a “closed” circuit generating thrust within the range of 350 kN up to 1800 kN operating with liquid propellant components of which were kerosene – oxygen.

In the given article effects of operation of specialists of exposed joint-stock company "Motorostroitel" on development, perfecting and a heading of production processes and inventories for manufacture of exact workpieces of blades of air engines of gas-turbine engines are reduced. The assaying of progressive production processes of obtaining of workpieces (isothermal pressure forming, pressure forming in a condition of a superplastic warping, a high-velocity forming) is given. Overall technical-and-economic indexes of a high-velocity forming in comparison with conventional die massive forming are given.

Results experimental investigations LLS in CIAM with labirinth chambers different configuration is generalised. The axis displacement crests of rotor are increasing effect of AUBS. The use of LLS in AUBS may to increase effect AUBS.

Now pipeline systems of flying devices are in most cases executed with application of the facilitated high-strength elements made of titanic alloys and stainless steels. It allows to achieve minimum mass with saving demanded durability and longevity both separate details, and the pipeline as a whole.
In a paper comparative trials of pre-production sylphones models, made of titanic alloy ВТ1-0 and from stainless steel 12Х18Н10Т by punching by the elastic environment from rolled preforms are described. The purpose of trials was the estimation of experimental technological process of punching sylphones the elastic environment from rolled preforms, definition technological and design features and an opportunity of use of two-layer equalisers from a titanic alloy and stainless steel in pipelines of air systems.
The results received during trials allow to state a positive estimation to experimental technological process of punching sylphones the elastic environment from rolled preforms and to recommend wide application of the two-layer equalisers made of a titanic alloy and stainless steel, in pipelines of air systems.

The article shows the urgency of using plasma technology of applying protective coatings on runner and nozzle blades of ground-based gas - turbine installations. Conditions of operation of blades coated with NICoCrAIY+Zr02+Y203 and the demands set for the technology of their being coated is shown in brief. The advantages of using computer - aided complex of plasma spraying TC3P-MJ R - 1000 with a KUKA robot for obtaining high - resource coatings 01 gas turbine blades are discussed. As the programmes are developed in the mode of manual robot teaching and the process takes a long time we suggest using CAD/CAM/CAB systems to produce a virtual spraying model.
This will make it possible to reduce the time needed for the technological preparation of production and the costs of development as will as to improve the service life of the blades.

The seals with semi-movable rings are widely used in rocket engines pumps. One of abnormal function of this seals causes is – contact of rotor and stator elements. This occurs due to incorrect selection of seal clearance or because the rotor makes the ring to rotate – in equal and opposite direction of rotor and ring rotation. Use of the axial preload by spring in the semi-movable seal design is one of the ways to eliminate the semi-movable ring rotation in full range of turbopumps operation modes.

The method of definition of optimum thickness of antifrictional coverings on the basis of the decision of a problem of indentation of an individual edge in a surface is offered in the article. The tribotechnical characteristics of coverings of surfaces are determined providing the minimal wearing and reduction of time of running-in.

On the basis of the analysis of the results of abrasion testing of rolling contact bearings based upon the spectrums of peaks of the broadband vibration process the possibility of using the retainer’s relative rotational frequency and the relative energy of modulation components as the diagnostic characters of abrasion is shown.

The article is devoted to the actual problem of the up-to-date aviation propulsion engineering – the raising of form accuracy at the electrochemical working. In the article the results of the development work with respect to creation methodology of model operation of electrolyte current in the spark gap are presented. Proper models are submitted. Areas of use of results of work are discussed.

The requirements for the control of introduced structural materials and stability of technological processes providing the component life and reliability are formulated on the basis of the criteria limiting bearing capacity under static, cyclic and multicyclic loading GTE.

Results of the performed research and practical work directed on use in the industry of new technologies and designs coil heat exchanger of devices from gilled tube of pipes, used in technological lines for manufacture of details and units of cars VAZ are presented. Represented heat exchanger devices are small-sized, effective and reliable devices for hydrosystems and systems of cooling of power installations and other industrial equipment. A way of manufacturing coil THAT and designs are protected by patents of the Russian Federation.

It is offered to hard the machining tool be made of high-speed steel by interaction between a high-speed jet of working substance and steel - the dynamic micro alloying. Structural changes, occurring in steel, lead to increase of wear resistant of the cutter.

The method of calculation of durability of grinding circles is described. Various constructions of grinding circles are considered, such as integral and modular circles with direct and cup-cylindrical profile with interrupted, discontinuous, compositional and combined cutting surface. Parametrical models are made for this type of grinding circles, which allows calculating stresses at various conditions. Also is made analysis of demand torque forces on intense condition of grinding circle.

The condition of a material blades of the turbine of units after operation with a different operating time is investigated. The technology of prolongation of a resource blades is developed.

In this article authors are considering classic identification methods and a neural network based method. It is shown that it is possible to use neural networks for estimating of complex object’s outputs on the base of current inputs and previous outputs. Also authors provide a method for defining of optimal structure of a neural network. As a complex object a Gas Turbine Engine was considered.

It is shown that the experience of processing the large amounts of experimental data on the long-term strength of heat-resistant steels and alloys using the method of base diagrams, which were obtained from testing of smooth specimens, can be used effectively for proper processing of test results for notched specimens.

The method multifactorial planning of experiments is observed at research of characteristics and processes of air turbine engines.

In the given activity the method of modelling of the high-temperature gas corrosion is considered, based on purposeful complex effect and allowing to receive results, close to real operation conditions, for shorter time in comparison with duration of operation.

The advanced method of definition of rational conditions of processing and mathematical models for turning and boring operations and also the round external and internal grinding are submitted, allowing essentially simplify a problem of a finding of the optimal conditions of cutting at processing cylindrical and conic surfaces.

Authors solve a number of the problem devoted to reduction of a dynamic error of means of measurement of pulsations of pressure in flowing part ГТД in extreme for them conditions of operation. The method, algorithm and the program of calculation frequency characteristics of means of measurement of pulsations of pressure with adjusting elements are developed, on the basis of which the choice of optimum parameters of adjusting elements is carried out, at which uniform transfer (is provided within the limits of an allowable dynamic error) pulsations of pressure from a point of measurement up to the gauge.

The article represents the development of graph methods of analytical model building, which describes the control process dynamics. The forming of the interacted control is effected taking into account the existing status of the control and actuating elements with the time changes of the control system status. The information – measuring model of this class of the automatic control system is formed according to the revealed signs. Algorithms of effects forming according to the status of the control elements, which don’t characterize the system behavior unilaterally, are introduced in the control circuit according to the revealed signs.

A gas generator is a device which is sensitive for electrical discharge caused by electrostatic charges. When nipple connection of initiation unit and gas generator lid is used the metallization is provided through cone surfaces contact of the units to be mated. This way of metallization is optimal when operational conditions are regulated strictly. In order to make gas generator operational requirements less strict and enhance operational safety the gas generator structure was changed (i.e., way of metallization).

The comparison of the permissible rotational speed of a free turbine of drive gas-turbine engine, which is determined by blade strength, with the required rotational speed of gas-centrifugal compressor in gas-pumping unit as a function of power is given.

The mechanism of interaction powder (Mn, Fe and other) with melt in process of cast aluminum alloys have been developed. The causes of exothermal effects in the articles are shown. The presented data show the temperature of reaction and solution powders metals in melting aluminium.

A devise providing power turbine bearings lubrication in NK-37 gas turbine for electric generator drive is described in the report lubrication is required during power turbine rotor run-down.

In the work there are defined the main trends in the development of jet engines; there are given grounds to the necessity of creation of detonation engines that are considered to be one of the advanced and perspective; there are pointed out the advantages of detonation engines; there is a description of their functioning principle and design peculiarities.

Decrease of frequency of fires on thermal power stations by exclusion of oil for lubrication of sliding bearings is scientifically proved. Theoretically and experimentally it is proved, that due to elastic-effect elastic metal-plastic (EMP) sliding bearings are efficient and reliable at their water lubrication instead of oil lubrication and on the dynamic characteristics they meet the requirements of technical maintenance of turbo-generators.

The determination of optimal characteristics of technologic processes of production of thin-walled envelopes of air and space craft engines connected with the providing of several requirements to obtained items. You may wish to see the technique of the operation’s calculation of crimp seal – forming of blank parts by the data of minimal variations in thickness of obtained parts group.

The technique of definition of parameters of no-failure operation of aircraft engines details is in-process observed. For this purpose the dispersion of stresses in a detail by a method of a linearization and the Monte-Carlo method offered by authors in a packet of certainly-element analysis ANSYS is considered.

Results of experimental development of «dry» seals for support frames of a gas turbine separate compressor modules are given in the article. Air was used as working body for tests. Tests were aimed at estimation of leaks through «dry» seals at operating regimes calculated for operation with natural gas.

Researches were carried out in the given work on studying one of methods of localization of currents of dispersion, namely a method of cathodic protection. The technique of use of program complex ANSYS for modeling electric fields in two and three electrode cells has been fulfilled.

An algorithm of calculation of 3D motion of a rigid unbalanced rotor with fluid-film bearings taking into consideration influence of contactless seals is presented. The basic equations of dynamics of a rigid rotor are given and a numerical method for its solution is described. The trajectories of journal centers obtained by means of the developed algorithm are presented.

The pressure distribution of piston rings against the liner wall is significant for their performance in the running engine. Hence, a program has been developed for numerical calculation of the pressure distribution and the gaps between a piston ring and a cylinder liner. The model takes into account: the shape of the cylinder liner and the piston ring, both the hydrodynamic and asperity interaction and the oil starvation.

We suggest using the scintillation spectral method for estimation of technical state of the aircraft engines through the measurement of the wear particles parameters.
We present concrete examples when the method allows the unit-to-unit diagnostics of engine. The necessity is demonstrated to account the information on the wear particles collected at the main oil filter for the adequate diagnostics of the oil system.

The self-exciting oscillations in LRE propellants supply systems can provoke resonance oscillations of engine design elements and breakdown of some its units. They can also influence longitudinal stability of rockets, since their frequency values are usually close to a frequence range of longitudinal oscillation first modes for elastic bodies of liquid propellant launchers.
In order to increase stability of LRE propellants supply system and longitudinal stability of launchers a special design of screw inducer (screw with radial slots in each blade) has been developed that allow to suppress the cavitation self-exciting oscillations very effectively.

The paper presents results of experimental investigations of serviceability for radial slot seals with floating rings at various angles of axes misalignment. The results show that a misalignment between axes of the floating ring and shaft in LRE TPU pump can lead to ignition of the pump. Recommendations are given to increase serviceability of the floating rings in pumps at misalignment of the seal axes.

This article describes existing methods of calculation of a radial clearance function of fluid-film bearings and contactless seals. A new method of calculation of a radial clearance function in a circular eccentric clearance is offered. This method takes into consideration of elastic bending deformations of a rotor under assumption of an elastic rotor curve is described by an arc of a circle. Conclusion about rationality of complication of methods of calculation of circular eccentric clearance geometry for fluid-film bearings and contactless seals is presented.

This article has dedicated to discharge processes research, resulting at the explosion engine ignition high-voltage systems. The job considers the questions of determining of signal spectral distribution in secondary spark formation time. Was fulfill the investigation discharge current variation dynamics depending on air-fuel mixture state at the piston engine cylinder. Specified the power of signal, proceeding at capacitive phase moment of electrical discharge on spark for engine different conditions.

The results of research before unknown communications between pressure of pressing the cartridges of samples from a material МR, relative density of a ready product for various parities of diameters of a spiral in a diameter of a wire are given. The limiting allowable sizes of relative deformations elastic-damping of elements for the given initial relative density are found. Are offered new kriterials of coordinate of representation of fields elastic-damping of loops giving the greatest possible degree of concentration of the information about loading the characteristics of considered elements.