Vol 30, No 2 (2024)

On June 13, 2024, the Department of Philosophy of Samara University, the Institute of Social Sciences and Humanities, the entire philosophical and academic community of the Samara region suffered an irreparable loss - the Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Doctor of Philosophy, Professor, Professor of the Department of Philosophy of Samara University Vladimir Aleksandrovich Konev passed away. A prominent scientist, organizer of science, a bright personality, a brilliant lecturer and speaker, he was the creator and head of the Samara philosophical scientific school, recognized not only in our country, but also abroad.

The article provides a historiographical overview of the scientific activities of Pyotr Ivanovich Rychkov, an outstanding Russian scientist who studied the Orenburg region, leaving behind scientific works on geography, economics, ethnography, various branches of the natural sciences, describing the natural resources of the Orenburg region, history, life and culture of peoples those who inhabited it. The source base for the article was the scientific heritage of P.I. Rychkov, scientific works of researchers from the 18th century to the present, and educational literature on the history of the Orenburg region. The authors of the article come to the conclusion that with the personality and multifaceted research activities of P.I. Orenburg residents begin to get acquainted with Rychkov from school. School historical local history necessarily includes the topic «researchers of the region». In the chapters of textbooks covering the history of the Orenburg region of the 18th century, on almost every page there are references to the authoritative opinion of P.I. Rychkov – «Rychkov responded», «according to P.I. Rychkov», «according to P.I. Rychkov». Fragments from the works of P.I. Rychkov are offered to students in the section for independent work with historical sources. Thus, getting acquainted with Rychkov’s scientific heritage, young Orenburg residents become familiar with the history of their native land, learn to understand and appreciate the work of scientists who snatch from oblivion the events and destinies of people of bygone eras.

The phenomenon of mass participation of Soviet women in the Great Patriotic War has no analogues in the history of world wars. Despite this, their contribution to the Victory was not immediately reflected in historiography and is still not sufficiently covered both in encyclopedic publications and in school textbooks, which determines the relevance of our study. The purpose of the work is to trace the development of scientific approaches to the study of the participation of Soviet women in the Great Patriotic War. The author uses methods of historiographic analysis, historiographic synthesis, and periodization. The study led to conclusion that in Soviet historiography the main emphasis was made on the leading role of the party in organizing the military service of women, on their heroism and military merits; works on certain categories of female military personnel did not add up to a complex picture. The only generalizing studies on the problem published during the Soviet period were the works by V.S. Murmantseva, based on archival materials. The turning point of the Soviet historiography was the documentary essay by S.A. Alexievich «War’s Unwomanly Face», where, based on oral history materials, a female perspective on the events of the Great Patriotic War was presented for the first time. At the turn of the 20^th–21st centuries, when new scientific directions emerged – military-historical anthropology and military-historical psychology, established by E.S. Senyavskaya, – conditions are being created for deeper and more comprehensive study of the phenomenon of women in war. However, no general work devoted to the frontline everyday life of Soviet women soldiers has yet appeared, which makes the study of this problem promising in contemporary historical science.

The relevance of the study lies in the need to determine the ways that the city authorities resorted to solve problems related to cultural and household provision and resettlement of new residents, in conditions of lack of funds and tight deadlines for the construction of new industrial facilities and logistics centers. The purpose of this article is to analyze the urban planning policy carried out on the territory of the city of Stavropol (Togliatti) in the 1950-ies and 1960-ies, when the city was experiencing accelerated industrial construction and faced a large influx of new residents. To achieve the purpose of the study, the following tasks are set: to identify the standards of provision of population with living space and social and cultural institutions; to show the dynamics of qualitative changes in housing construction; to analyze ways of interaction between the government and the population on urban improvement and improving the quality of life. The scientific novelty of the study is due to the insufficient study of the issues that determine the principles of functioning of socio-economic relations that affect the quality of life of Soviet citizens. The source base of the study consists of documents from the Togliatti archive. The research is carried out by using historical-comparative, historical-genetic and statistical methods. As a result of the work done, the following conclusions were drawn that the urban development of the city of Stavropol (Togliatti) in the study period was conducted without taking into account the needs of the population. The living conditions of the urban population left much to be desired for several reasons: the pace of housing construction did not keep pace with the rapid growth of the population, and therefore there was high crowding and lack of urban amenities; the authorities solved issues related to the placement of the population and the creation of living conditions on a residual basis, when unresolved problems led to an increase in discontent. In the 1960-ies, the city authorities identified the shortcomings of urban development through interaction with the population. The authorities organized campaigns to collect citizens’ appeals. Citizens’ appeals served as an incentive to increase the number of shops and social and cultural facilities in the city.

The article substantiates the importance of developing the digital competence of students studying in the field of «social work» using analytical methods. Thanks to the measures taken by the state to digitalize the social sphere, many types of social support are becoming available in a remote format. However, in the process of digital transformation, society is faced with such social problems as digital inequality – the inability to connect to the Internet, lack of digital skills or motivation for some part of the population to use all the opportunities provided by digitalization. Specialists in social work, due to the specifics of their activities, as well as in connection with the demands of society, face the need to solve these social problems. Therefore, as part of the digital transformation of social services sector, the functions of social workers are expanding. It is becoming important not only to have a personal ability to work with digital tools, but also to assist social work clients in using and mastering digital resources. Knowledge of educational and methodological function is necessary for a social work specialist to successfully teach digital competencies to a population in need of social support and who does not have skills to use digital technologies. Such a change in the functionality of a social worker leads to the need to change the content of the training system for social workers.

The national project «Smart School» actualizes the creation of specific digital environment in the educational space, which entails the restructuring of the entire organization of the education system in general and vocational training system in particular. The introduction of numbers into the training system generates a number of contradictions related to traditional ideas about the training process and modern requirements for it. The article analyzes the process of introducing digital technologies into the vocational training system from the point of view of determining the positive and negative consequences of this phenomenon, identifies the features of professional training of future specialists in the era of digitalization of higher education. It is concluded that the digitalization of higher education in its interactive version appears to be a sensitive form reflecting the dialectic of the individual and personal, developing the skills and abilities inherent in the subject in harmony and harmony with the skills and abilities necessary for successful life creation in society.

In modern conditions, it is important to understand what values determine the sense of patriotism of a modern schoolchild. Based on the theory of gradual formation of mental actions by P. Galperin, a model was created for instilling a sense of patriotism in junior schoolchildren based on the value potential of the genres of Russian folk songs. The value-semantic model is represented by conceptual, structural and content components. Contradictions have been identified: between the value potential of Russian folk song and the need to fill it with personal meaning as a significant component of the feeling of patriotism; between the importance of personal understanding of the value potential of Russian folk song from the point of view of instilling patriotism in primary schoolchildren in extracurricular activities and the need to understand effective techniques and sequence of actions. The results of testing a value-semantic model of instilling a sense of patriotism in junior schoolchildren in extracurricular activities based on the genres of Russian folk songs are discussed.

The article identifies and describes the analytical adjectives in the modern Russian and their structural and functional features (grammatical, spelling, positional, functional-semantic). Methods of continuous sampling, observation, description, analogy, classification and quantitative were implemented in the course of the study. Data of the National Corpus of the Russian Language (newspaper, main corpus and social media corpus) as well as data of Yandex.ru search engine provided the main language material of the research. The article represents a brief review of scientific research on analytic adjectives, outlines the range of problems related to them, including their narrow and broad understanding. The conducted research specified the grammatical features of analytical adjectives that enables to define their boundaries. The findings indicate that analytical adjectives are a special class (unchangeable or unchangeable in combination with a concrete noun) actively formed and functioning, characterized by the semantics of attribute, the ability to specify a noun and express the grammatical meanings of gender, number and case by means of the defined noun ending; position and spelling are not constitutive features that influence the identification of analytical adjectives. The results of comparing the function of analytical adjectives’ peculiarities in different texts and the norms established by dictionaries using quantitative methods, determined the main tendencies in their spelling, in particular, the prevalence of hyphenated and separate spelling with nouns. The research also revealed positional peculiarities of functioning in relation to the nouns they define (the prevalence of their prepositional use as well as the possibility of postpositional use in relation to nouns). The study determines the main spheres of analytical adjectives functioning. The analyses of the data allows the general estimating of the dynamics of analytical adjectives development in the modern Russian language and suggesting the future prospects of this ambiguous and heterogeneous class of words in the Russian language.

The study is devoted to the explication of the frame LOVE AFFAIR in the lexico-semantic system of the Russian language and speech itself. The research is based on the data from Russian etymological, explanatory dictionaries, dictionaries of synonyms, and modern podcasts. The urgency of the research is determined by the undying interest of scientists to the words that reflect stereotypes of people’s social interaction, which is explained by the importance of looking into ethical categories such as human acts. The lexemes that are examined in the study are selected from dictionaries with the help of the definitional analysis. The method of frame modelling is also used in the study to organize the data into a structure. In order to create a frame model of the act the following procedures are involved: the analysis of the semantics of the words that represent the situation of a love affair, the analysis of the synonyms and the combinability of the words. These procedures help to reconstruct the frame of the object in study. The next step is to verify the frame in modern speech. This paper is the first study of the concept LOVE AFFAIR in modern public communication such as podcasts. The choice of the material is explained by the fact that podcasts look at the most important questions from all angles. The research identifies the most important characteristics of all the elements of the situation «love affair», shows the interrelation of these elements, determines the peculiarities of the explication of the model in the language system and modern speech, marks the prototypical meanings of the structural elements. As a result, the conclusion about semantic broadening of the word affair is made, as well as reinterpretation of traditional negative evaluation of the act «love affair».

The role of a language as a mirror reflecting national culture and global view of the world by its speakers has long been in the center of researchers’ attention, sparking multiple heated discussions in the academic community. Following the traditions of cognitive approach to language studies, the present article makes an attempt to unveil and analyze the essence of phraseological units from two opposing standpoints – as fixed expressions accumulating the specific features of a national spirit and thus forming the language-based view of the world by different nations, or as ways to describe various aspects of the same things through different nomination means. The research covers a limited number of German, English and Russian phraseological units, all of which are based on the same inner concept of «SURROUNDINGS» and, in most cases, are connected with the idea of «wallpaper» (ger. «Tapete», rus. «обои») as its outer lexical correlative. The phraseological units under research include some new words and phrases that have emerged recently in connection with the development of remote communication technologies and have not entered dictionaries by now. Special attention is given to the inner structure and contextual use of similar phraseological units in different languages, as well as the interrelation between their common and unique components. The discovered cross-language connections are shown as a word net with the constituent elements possessing complex semantic structure (yet based on the same inner concept) and different aspects of meaning being illuminated or darkened in words and phrases belonging to different languages. This points to the blurring of boundaries between phraseological units originating from different languages within the same conceptual framework and leads to conclusion that not all differences between languages may be caused by culture-specific variations.

This article deals with regional variation of the English language in terms of aerospace vocabulary. Space-related activities have grown significantly over the past several years. Commercialization of space activities in the space domain has also increased, as well as the development of innovative space technologies. Communication in the aerospace domain involves professionals from many countries the English language being used as the first, second or foreign language. In this regard, regional variation study of English aerospace vocabulary is relevant. The purpose of the study is to examine variations of aerospace vocabulary including technical and industry-specific terminology in British English and American English from the perspective of orthography, pronunciation, grammar and semantics. To carry out the research project the author used definitional, structural, statistical and semiotic methods. The semiotic approach used by the author is based on description and comparison of regionally-marked and regionally-neutral lexical items. The material assembled and studied for the purpose of the present paper includes representative fragments from the authoritative unilingual aviation dictionary. Definitional, comparative, statistical and semiotic methods allowed to conclude that aerospace vocabulary is largely regionally-neutral. Regionally-marked units were identified in orthography, pronunciation, grammar and semantics with regional differences in pronunciation taking the lead. The identified differences perform a semiotic function, as they indicate the regional affiliation (or regional preference) of the speaker and/or writer.

There are no completely grammatical studies in Chinese scholarly tradition prior to 1898. Mainly commentary orientation of linguistic works and the general tendency towards the lexicographic form of presentation of philological researches determined function words’ dictionaries to be the leading way of describing linguistic phenomena in the field of grammar. Turning to treatises of this kind contributes to the study of linguistic traditions’ generation and grammatical researches’ formation in China. Special attention is paid to the description of grammatical meanings’ development from lexical one’s and to method of exegesis based on such description, used in《助字辨略》 «Zhu Zi Bian Lüe» (1711) by 刘淇 Liu Qi. The structure of the dictionary entries of this work was analyzed, as well as the interpretations in which Liu Qi refers to the significant meanings of the described units. Examples of dictionary entries are given, or excerpts from them, provided with translations into Russian. The analysis of the material showed that dictionary entries can vary significantly in length, their internal structure is also not the same, however, in general, it includes an explanation of the meaning of the described unit (from authoritative sources such as 《尔雅》 «Erya», 《广韵》 «Guangyun» and/or a comment made by the author of «Zhu Zi Bian Lüe») and illustrative material from classical works (such as 《论语》 «Lun yu», 《大学》 «Da xue», 《中庸》 «Zhong yong», 《孟子》 «Mencius», 《诗经》 «Shi jing», 《汉书》 «Han shu», etc.). In a number of dictionary entries, Liu Qi demonstrates the mechanism of grammatical meanings’ development from the significant one, emphasizing that the grammatical meaning is determined by the significant meaning and is closely connected with it.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the mechanisms of representation of changes in the speed of the railway rolling stock – locomotives and trains – in the Russian professional slang of railway workers. The aim of the work is to identify the totality of these lexical means, their systematization, analysis of the semantics and motives of the nomination. The author used the method of semantic analysis, as well as component and descriptive methods. The sources of the actual material are the dictionary of Russian railway slang by D. Zinoviev and railway Internet forums and chats. On the basis of a continuous sample verbs and verb combinations indicated a change in the speed of movement of rolling stock were identified; two groups of these jargon agents, which are in the opposition in relation to each other on the basis of the semantics of increasing-decreasing the speed, are determined and characterized. Additional semantic components were found and described in the meaning of the language tools under consideration, such as the reasons why the train speed changes (deliberately or forced, emergency); methods and means of changing the speed (with what devices and what manipulations with them are the train driver regulates the speed); external signs indicating an increase or decrease in the speed of the train from the side. Thusly, the analysis showed that the semantic group under consideration is a system inside which synonymous, antonymic, syntagmatic and paradigmatic relations are found. The results of this study can be applied to further study of Russian railway jargon, as well as for analyzing systemic relations in the lexicon of the language as a whole.

Cognitive studies in linguistics have gained a significant role for understanding the interconnection between language and thinking. Cognitive modeling has proved to be an effective means for analyzing different discourse types. The analysis of English educational discourse presents an important field of research due to the status of the English language as a global international means of communication. Material of the study includes mini-format texts from English textbooks of A1–A2 levels «English Unlimited». The aim of the article is to reveal the language means for «Setting and Scene» component representation in the linguo-cognitive models of educational mini-format texts for reading. The method applied is the Hymes model when the author represents a situation with the help of a full set of situation model components. «Setting and Scene» component comprises spatial and temporal background of the situational linguo-cognitive models. The study has revealed that the most frequented language means of «Setting and Scene» component representation are toponyms, nouns with locative meaning, attributive phrases. The study found that toponyms convey extra-linguistic information significant for expressing the international role of the English language. The temporal background of linguo-cognitive models is expressed with temporal adverbs, numerals indicating exact time, and prepositional phrases denoting parts of the day. The analysis of linguistic means leads to the conclusion that the authors of the textbooks focus students’ attention on this constituent due to the importance of spatial and temporal aspects of mini-format text linguo-cognitive models. The results of the study can be applied to further investigation of English educational discourse, can be used in the development of English educational and methodological materials for students of English.