Vol 15, No 2 (2024)
Model of interaction between product and process innovative potential of a manufacturing enterprise
Abstract
The published article proposes an economic and mathematical model of the dynamics of development of a multifactor production enterprise, taking into account the interaction of product and process innovation potentials.
The output of the enterprise under consideration is ensured by the Cobb-Douglas production multiplicative function, the parameters of which depend on the levels of product innovation potential and process innovation potential.
A system of differential equations for the balance of an enterprise has been established regarding the volumes of all its resources and the volumes of its product and process innovation potentials.
To manage the processes of gradual introduction of innovative potentials into production, special indicator functions are introduced into the system of differential equations of the model, which determine the time intervals for the deployment of innovative potentials.
The maximum values of the volumes of enterprise resources, the maximum values of the volumes of innovative potentials and the maximum value of the volume of revenue have been calculated.
The numerical solution of the system of differential equations of the developed model makes it possible to obtain dynamic trajectories of enterprise development, on the basis of which, by controlling indicator functions, it is possible to construct various scenarios for the operation of the enterprise.
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Analysis of the dynamic model of the impact of external economic shocks on inflationary processes
Abstract
The past few decades by the emergence of such crises in the economic and social sphere of society, which resulted in economic supply shocks have been marked. Previously extremely rare, they have shifted the focus to the relevance of research on macroeconomic processes affected by shocks of this nature, not only in economic theory, but also in mathematical modelling. As a result of the analysis of already known macroeconomic models, it was revealed that the impact of external economic shocks on the main indicators of macroeconomics can have both negative and positive effects on economic growth. The purpose of the study is to build and analyze a dynamic optimization model, as well as recommendations for developing an optimal economic policy strategy. The article contains a description of the formulation and mathematical formalization of the macroeconomic task of levelling social damage from the impact of an external economic supply shock on the inflationary process and the unemployment rate. The connection between the two latter processes is established on the basis of the equation of the modified Phillips curve, supplemented by inflationary expectations, assuming a short-term perspective. The corresponding to this task economic and mathematical model is classified as an optimization model and represents the task of finding the conditional minimum of the loss functional. The article describes the qualitative analysis of this model, carried out using the methods of calculus of variations, formulas describing the dynamics of the above-mentioned macroeconomic indicators are obtained, a formula is derived for finding the level of inflation expectations at each moment of the time period under consideration. The obtained results of the mathematical model study are interpreted economically, while special attention is paid to the analysis of the impact of the external supply shock on these indicators.
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Comparative analysis of production function models of the machine building and metalworking industry in the Samara region
Abstract
The published article is devoted to the development and identification of mathematical models of the functioning of the mechanical engineering and metalworking industry in the Samara region.
The initial data of official statistics on the results of the functioning of the mechanical engineering and metalworking industry of the Samara region in the period from 1965 to 2021 have been collected and systematized.
The parameters of Cobb-Douglas production functions have been identified at various study intervals in versions of the original and smoothed actual statistical data.
Both the entire time period of the study and individual local intervals of stable and crisis functioning of the analyzed production system were considered as parameter identification intervals.
The values of the parameters of production functions were calculated for different periods of the study and the qualitative characteristics of the obtained model solutions were calculated.
A comparative analysis of the parameters and characteristics of the resulting models was carried out.
Identification of unknown parameters considered in the work of production functions was carried out using the least squares method.
The study used official statistical data from the Samara Regional Committee of State Statistics as empirical material.
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Assessing the impact of scientific and industrial cooperation on the development of a high-tech corporation
Abstract
The article offers the author’s view on the formation of an economic and mathematical model that takes into account the influence of the innovative potential of an enterprise on the dynamics of growth in the volume of output, taking into account a number of production factors characteristic of a manufacturing enterprise. The proposed economic and mathematical model allows us to take into account the mutual influence of both the product potential of an industrial enterprise and its process and innovation potential. In its structure, the economic and mathematical model proposed by the authors is presented in the form of a system of differential equations that takes into account the volume of resources of various types available to an industrial enterprise, as well as the functions of its innovative potential and indicator functions that characterize the process of managing the processes of using the innovative potential available to an industrial enterprise. The work displays several options for assessing the process of forming the innovative potential of an industrial enterprise, taking into account different combinations of possible product and process technological innovations. The economic and mathematical model proposed by the authors for taking into account the influence of the innovative potential of an enterprise on the dynamics of growth in the volume of manufactured products provides for an alternative approach to the formation of the innovative potential of an industrial enterprise: either the innovative potential of an industrial enterprise is formed through the introduction of product technological innovations, implying the introduction of new goods to the consumer market with an additional set of product characteristics, or innovative potential is formed on the basis of the use of innovations in the field of organizational sphere: production organization and labor organization. The authors proposed variants of scenarios for the development of events in which the innovative potential can be used both immediately and with some delay in time.
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Model of the dynamics of development of the gross regional product, taking into account the interaction of sanctions restrictions and innovative activity of enterprises with industrial potential of the region Model of the dynamics of development of the gross regional product
Abstract
The published article proposes an economic and mathematical model of the dynamics of development of the gross regional product, taking into account the influence of sanctions restrictions and increasing the innovative activity of the industrial potential of the region.
To describe the dynamics of development of the region’s GRP, a differential balance equation has been compiled regarding the volume of the integral regional resource.
Based on available statistical data, three trajectories of GRP development of the Samara region were constructed, corresponding to the pre-sanction period 1998 – 2008, the sanctions period 2009 – 2019, and the period 2020 – 2023. transition of the economy to innovation.
It is shown that the transition from one GRP development trajectory to another is defined by special indicator logistic functions.
A general theoretical curve for the dynamics of GRP development and a theoretical curve for the dynamics of development of the volume of an integral regional resource have been constructed.
Numerical analysis of the proposed model showed good agreement with available statistical observations.
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Improving the planning and accounting of material costs for the repair and maintenance needs of an industrial enterprise
Abstract
The optimal use of material resources is an essential factor in ensuring the profitability of the business of an enterprise in the real sector of the economy. An essential part of the system of material resources of an industrial enterprise is the material costs of repair and maintenance needs. The purpose of the research presented in this article is to structure the information space with a high level of transparency and improve the quality of tools for operational planning and accounting of these expenses of an industrial enterprise at all stages of production activity; The tasks include the development of a model for improving operational planning of the need for these resources for repairs, maintenance and operation of production equipment in the context of production orders and operational accounting, including the preparation of management reports on the implementation of planned plans. The research used methods of systematic and situationally oriented analysis; collection, accumulation and systematization of information about economic activity; economic analysis; classification; aggregation; reduction; generalization; graphical visualization of data; comparison; process approach.
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Method for determining the economic security of enterprises producing auto components based on a set of indicators
Abstract
The article proposes a comprehensive method for determining the economic security of enterprises producing automotive components, based on an analysis of the definition of a set of indicators. The relevance of the study is determined by the high competitiveness and dynamic development of the automotive components market, which requires enterprises to pay close attention to ensuring their economic security. The theoretical research is based on the work of domestic scientists in the field of economic security, theories of crisis management, financial analysis and business valuation. The purpose of the article is to develop a method for determining the economic security of enterprises based on a set of indicators, such as: financial stability, diversification, competitiveness, etc. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of using the proposed method to assess the current level of economic security of an enterprise and develop measures to ensure it. The article provides calculations of economic security indicators and provides recommendations for ensuring it. The results of the study can be used by managers and owners of enterprises producing automotive components to make informed management decisions, by specialists in the field of economic security to develop systems for protecting enterprises from external and internal threats, teachers and students of economic universities in the educational process. This article is of interest to a wide range of readers interested in ensuring the economic security of enterprises in a competitive environment.
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Conceptual approaches to the concept of regional potential: essence, content, classification features
Abstract
The article highlights the importance of the study, due to disagreements in the theoretical and methodological aspects of considering the concept of regional potential. The analysis of current scientific publications devoted to the study of various conceptual approaches to its interpretation is carried out. The paper analyzes the formulations of the concept of "regional potential" ("regional potential") by a number of authors from the point of view of content orientation to various groups of factors. The generalization was carried out according to the internal and external characteristics, the field of activity (specialization) of the region. The author’s interpretation of the concept is given. The classification of the types of regional potential is carried out, their complex structure is presented, designed taking into account rationality and complexity. Two groups of potentials have been identified – dependent and independent. The concept of aggregate potential is highlighted, which is the final indicator of regional development. As a methodological basis, the developed approach is proposed through the compilation of maps of regional potentials, which allows to unify the order of selection of fundamental factors as the criteria for the development potential of the region. The direct and indirect influence of different types of regional potential on each other is indicated. The substantial essence of the concepts is analyzed and three main approaches to the definition of regional potential are identified – factorial, resource, and effective. The basis for the development of a more detailed study of the interrelation of regional potentials is determined and emphasis is placed on the prospects for formalizing the proposed approach in order to identify mathematical dependencies to support decision-making of strategic management of the region.
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R&D&I support system for innovatively active enterprises
Abstract
R&D&I is an important area of innovative growth of domestic economic entities. Isolation on the internal system of innovation management may not lead to the results planned within the framework of key strategic documents at the state level. Expanding its boundaries and involving external participants in solving problems of innovation will become the basis for creating a powerful integrated structure that will provide an innovation lift and scientific and technological renewal of enterprises. A scientifically based approach to the formation of a balanced system of collaborative innovation management is the key to the sustainable functioning of innovatively active enterprises. The purpose of this study is to formulate scientific and practical recommendations for creating an R&D&I system to support innovatively active enterprises to ensure the effectiveness of their functioning in the context of global economic challenges. In the process of achieving this goal, the following methods of scientific knowledge were used: structural analysis and synthesis, system analysis, generalization and description, modeling. Based on the results of the study, a structural and functional model of the R&D&I system for supporting innovatively active enterprises was developed, in contrast to existing ones, which creates a platform for balanced innovative development and increased competitiveness through the coherent organization of integrated innovation chains and effective innovation management in a single synergetic environment. Scientific conclusions and proposals are of high importance for the development of theoretical and methodological principles of the theory of innovation, management of innovation activities and solving problems of innovatively active enterprises of the Russian Federation. The study is based on modern works of leading domestic and foreign economists. The R&D&I system of support for innovatively active enterprises creates the basis for their sustainable functioning under conditions of sanctions restrictions and economic turmoil. The author has determined the vector of development of domestic enterprises to ensure the effective implementation of the mission and achievement of strategic goals.
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Directions for the development of information and methodological support for industrial complex enterprises based on the uniform digital platform of the RF «Gostech»
Abstract
The article presents the directions for the development of information and methodological support (IMS) for the activities of industrial enterprises on the basis of the unified digital platform "RosTech", which are of particular importance in the organization of innovative activities at the present stage, carried out in conditions of geoplastic instability and the influence of economic sanctions against Russia from unfriendly states. The article reflects that the GosTech platform is intended for the implementation of processes of the full life cycle of industrial activities of industrial enterprises, according to the developed methodology, features of the organization of technological processes, the use of digital services and platform products that ensure the formation and operation of platform information systems, for the purpose of methodological support of production activities of enterprises. The article substantiates that the essence of IMO in the activities of industrial enterprises, based on the GosTech platform, is represented by the formation and use of innovative technologies, digital services, business models of production, taking into account artificial intelligence objects available at enterprises. Also, IMO, lies in the development of individual competencies of enterprise employees, the implementation of new opportunities for implementing innovative activities in the production processes of the enterprise, increasing operating efficiency and competitiveness. The article reflects that the GosTech platform creates conditions for designing the architecture of the production technologies used, developing the operation of the information systems used, by providing instrumental services for automated software development, monitoring its quality, monitoring operating parameters, and ensuring the information security of the information systems used. The work presents that the main goal of creating IMO on the GosTech platform is: reducing the production time of industrial products, increasing the efficiency of processes for the development of information systems used in the enterprise, moving to a new level of their compatibility, ergonomics, security and reliability. As a result of the use of IMO based on the GosTech digital platform, the innovative activity of enterprises and the degree of interaction with government agencies and institutional entities increases. The effectiveness of IMO management decisions in the innovative activities of industrial enterprises is determined by the effectiveness of managing the services and artificial intelligence objects used, which are the main tools for ensuring innovative activities. Thus, IMO management decisions in innovation activities contribute to the formation of new innovative products and technologies.
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Organizational and economic mechanism for the development of the industrial complex, taking into account the activation of innovative processes in the regional economy
Abstract
The article examines the importance of implementing an organizational and economic mechanism to stimulate innovative processes in the industrial complex in order to achieve significant socio-economic benefits. In the context of industrial development with a focus on innovation, special attention is paid to the creation of new jobs, especially in areas requiring high qualifications and scientific knowledge. The implementation of a special organizational and economic management mechanism is necessary for effective management and stimulation of innovative activity in the regional economy. This mechanism must coordinate, interact and effectively implement policies and strategies aimed at supporting innovation, control the location of resources and support innovative enterprises. The article discusses various approaches to understanding the economic mechanism, including functional and structural approaches, and also examines its role in coordinating the actions of economic agents to achieve common goals and ensure sustainable development of the economy. The article explores the organizational and economic mechanism for managing the industrial complex of the region with the aim of diversifying economic activities and increasing overall competitiveness. Regional governance covers the coordination and integration of various aspects such as economic development, infrastructure and social welfare. The article discusses the principles of inclusiveness, participation and subsidiarity in the context of managing a regional industrial complex, and also examines the main components of the organizational and economic management mechanism. The proposed management scheme is based on stimulating innovative activity through the market aspect, resource block, financial component, motivational block and the development of production and innovation infrastructure. The article examines a systematic approach to managing the regional industrial sector in order to stimulate innovation in the economy. The importance of analyzing the economic situation and potential of the industrial sector is highlighted as a priority step. Next, methods for defining goals and objectives, developing a regional innovation strategy, developing policy and regulatory frameworks, financing and investment, developing production and innovation infrastructure, cooperation and partnerships, digitalization and developing a culture of innovation are discussed. The authors emphasize the need for interaction between multiple participants in the industrial sector and propose an organizational and economic mechanism for managing the industrial complex of the region to stimulate innovation, develop scientific and technical potential and ensure economic growth.
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Features of the innovative approach in the formation of regional industrial policy
Abstract
The article is considering the phenomenon of blurring boundaries between economic sectors, the merging of various stages and functions within the production process occurs, which is a distinctive feature of modern economic development. The authors emphasize imbalance in the distribution of capital: in conditions of excess financial resources throughout the national economy, there is a shortage of funds allocated for innovative projects. A key aspect of this problem is the lack of a long-term perspective and development strategy among economic entities. It is substantiated that insufficient attention to the development and implementation of risk management strategies leads to underestimation of the value of innovations with a long-term perspective, and in order to effectively overcome innovation shortsightedness, necessary an integrated approach that includes not only improving corporate culture and developing innovation infrastructure, but also improving legal and regulatory environment. The concept of innovative short-sightedness is considered, which reflects the underestimation of future benefits and the narrowing of the planning horizon of economic agents. Attention is focused on the fact that government policy and regulation can also have a significant impact on innovation activity; an imperfect legal framework in the field of intellectual property or unpredictability of tax policy creates uncertainty for entrepreneurs and investors, which can discourage investment in innovative projects. It is argued that in the context of industrial policy formation, the most significant aspects are the establishment and support of economic entities. It is emphasized that industrial policy should be focused on stimulating the primary links of production; it can be aimed at ensuring the development of high-tech sectors of the economy, which can become the driving force of innovative growth and increasing the competitiveness of national producers in world markets. In the realm of investment strategies, significant attention is directed towards crafting standards for utilizing approaches that simplify the integration of intellectual assets into economic systems, all while considering the expected duration of product viability.
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Ensuring the economic development of the Samara region on the basis of increasing the level of innovation activity and competitiveness of the industrial complex
Abstract
The article proposes a model for ensuring the competitiveness of an enterprise based on the integration of an innovative component into its activities for each level of its competitiveness. Key factors have been identified that ensure the success of applying innovations in the region, obtaining government support, developing a research base and creating a favorable innovation environment. The need for active implementation of innovations in the regional economy is emphasized, and the role played by innovative technologies in gaining competitive advantages for industrial enterprises is noted. A system of competitive advantages is shown, in which, at each level, the competitiveness of an enterprise is formed in a certain area of ??its functioning. In accordance with statistical data, an analysis of the innovation policy of the Samara region in the field of innovation activity was carried out, on the basis of which conclusions were drawn and recommendations were made.
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Modern innovative technologies and sustainable development in the digital economy
Abstract
This article is devoted to the consideration and assessment of the total impact of the digital economy on sustainable development. Problems such as environmental emissions and pollution, resource depletion and irrational use, which negatively affect the environment, are considered. The authors point out that solving these problems is possible thanks to new technologies and the digital economy. The basis of this study is the analysis of countries with high levels of innovation. Based on these data, the ranking of innovative countries in terms of their level of achieving sustainable development was analyzed. As part of the study, based on the studied material and the data analysis carried out, measures were taken to develop an innovation-sustainable direction, which requires extremely great attention for its further modernization and dissemination. The analysis of innovative countries that are successfully implementing sustainable development goals showed that in Russia it is necessary to increase the level of innovative development, as well as improve measures to achieve sustainable development goals. In addition, it was concluded that, despite the possible negative effects of the digital economy, the positive impact of information technology plays a key role in sustainable development.
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Classification and analysis of the types of interaction of regional innovation systems
Abstract
This article is devoted to a detailed study of the interaction between innovation systems and innovation processes. The application of the regional-national innovation system (RIS) model has been studied, and it has been revealed that it is a targeted strategy aimed at accelerating economic growth through the introduction of scientific developments into the production cycle. The importance of including distinctive regional characteristics in analytical models for a more adequate representation of the real innovative and competitive capabilities of the regions under consideration is substantiated. The need for modification of methodologies for the analysis of regional innovation systems (RIS), adapted to the specifics of local development and external integration, is emphasized. It has been established that an adequate assessment of the innovative capacities and positions of regions in the global economic space is hampered by the presence of divergence in classification standards. The need to include a new type of RIS in the classification is shown, which adequately reflects the initial stages of systems development in the context of unique Russian regional features. An analysis of the dynamics of interaction between key actors within these systems has been obtained, contributing to a deep understanding of the mechanisms of transfer of innovative knowledge among actors, providing tools for managing the development of regions, identifying the drivers of their competitive advantages and focusing on market participants.
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Development of the gas industry of the Orenburg region during the period of market reforms
Abstract
The relevance of the topic is related to the need to study those industries of the region that are points of growth and drivers of development of the region. Such industries play an important role in the socio-economic development of the region, therefore, studying the problems of development of such an industry as the gas industry is an urgent task of economic science. The purpose of the article is to identify patterns and features of the development of the gas industry in the Orenburg region, its role in the development of the region, as well as problems that require urgent solutions. The scientific novelty of this research lies in the fact that the work substantiates the position on the development of the gas industry in accordance with such economic laws as the laws of increasing needs, saving time, scale of production, competition, and the effect of experience. The features of the regional gas industry related to the multicomponent composition of gas are highlighted, which made it possible to develop the chemical industry in the region. The article also identifies the problems of development of the gas industry. The article is based on a positive research methodology; the following methods were used: analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, tabular, generalization, comparison, logical, historical and statistical analysis. Based on systematic and integrated approaches, cause-and-effect relationships between the development of the gas industry and the level of socio-economic development of the region have been identified. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of using its results in developing a regional development strategy and implementing regional economic policy. It is proposed to continue further research in the direction of scientific analysis of industry problems and the development of scientifically based recommendations for solving them.
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The experience economy is the path to digital transformation
Abstract
The article discusses aspects of digital transformation leading to an inevitable change in social production. The ability of digital transformation to take your business to a new level and attract a large number of potential clients has been demonstrated. The influence of networking and digitalization on the efficiency of the economy and meeting the needs of all participants in business processes has been studied. The study highlighted options for implementing the digital transformation of social production, allowing us to seize leadership in the chosen area.
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Current issues of assessing and increasing the digital maturity of Russian enterprises
Abstract
The unfolding fourth industrial revolution involves increasing the innovative activity of Russian economic entities with the aim of producing high-tech products that replace foreign analogues and ensure the achievement of independence and accelerated development of enterprises. Digital maturity in this aspect is the main factor contributing to their transition to a digital path of development and accelerating innovative growth through the introduction of modern software and the subsequent use of emerging digital capabilities for effective functioning in the face of ongoing changes. A scientifically based approach to assessing digital maturity and managing the digitalization of domestic enterprises is a guarantee of increasing their competitiveness in the market. The purpose of the study is to develop tools for assessing and improving the digital maturity of Russian enterprises to ensure effective implementation of digital renewal strategy and independence from Western developers provision. In the process of achieving this goal, methods of structural analysis and synthesis, system analysis, generalization and description were used. Based on the results of the study, a set of recommendations was developed that are of high importance for the development of methodological management tools and acceleration of economic growth of enterprises in the Russian Federation. The study is based on modern works of leading domestic and foreign economists. The digital transformation of enterprises contributes to their resilience to risks and uncertainty, which inevitably manifest themselves in the conditions of economic restructuring.
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Management of professional stress of personnel at the organizational level
Abstract
The problem of timely prevention of occupational stress is relevant for most organizations. In the article, the authors consider the problem of improving the methods of stress management of the organization of the service sector in order to prevent organizational and psychosocial risks (stress factors) in modern socio-economic conditions. The purpose of this study is to form organizational and socio–psychological recommendations for the prevention of occupational stress and professional burnout syndrome of personnel of service organizations. The study analyzes scientific publications of Russian scientists on the problem of improving stress management methods at the level of an employee’s personality and at the level of an organization. Based on the method of expert assessments, the organizational and psychosocial stress factors of the organization’s personnel are determined. Based on the MAI method, the most significant organizational and socio-psychological recommendations for improving methods of preventing occupational stress have been identified. A mathematical model has been developed for predicting the impact of occupational stress on the employee satisfaction index of a service sector organization.
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Development trends in the management consulting industry in dental medical organizations
Abstract
The evolution of healthcare industry management corresponds to management trends in the global economy. Reforming medicine within the framework of the concepts of sustainable development, value-oriented approach, person-centeredness, as well as challenges due to the pandemic provide a number of relevant tasks and subjects for management consulting. A comparison of the market volumes of domestic and foreign medical management consulting shows a significant difference in the demand for this field of activity. It is necessary to explore the objective and subjective reasons for the restrictions on the development of domestic management consulting. The purpose of the study is to identify problems of management consulting in dental practice. The authors set the task of reviewing foreign and domestic sources of scientific literature and analytical reporting on the management consulting market, clarifying the main economic trends in domestic and foreign consulting services in healthcare, and identifying indicators and performance factors for management consulting in dental institutions. The methodology of content analysis of scientific information made it possible to draw conclusions about the state of the industry and formulate recommendations for its scaling. The results of the study confirmed the relevance of management consulting for the management and staff of dental organizations and the need for the development of the industry. The challenges of modern management increase the need to attract experts and professional management consultants to dental organizations.
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