Technologies of reducing the technological environmental impact of space rocket launches


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Abstract

The paper presents technologies of reducing the technological environmental impact of man-made space launch vehicles (SLV) based on controlled descent and trajectories of deorbiting the spent stages, burning of the separated nose fairing halves and tail section in the atmosphere. Controlled descent of a spent stage is accomplished due to the installation of an active on-board recovery system that uses unexpended remnants of the liquid components of propellant in the tanks. The burning of the fairing and tail section is based on the introduction of pyrotechnic compositions in their designs. Practical possibility of implementing this technology is shown taking the SLV «Soyz-2.1.b» space rocket as an example. It makes it possible not only to provide a solution to the basic environmental requirements, but also to improve the performance characteristics of the SLVs, move to a new technical level of their designing and operation. Using the technology of gasification of liquid residual propellants  allows  controlled  descent  of  separating  SLV  stages  with  the  scatter  of impact points less than1 km, displacement of the impact range to 15% and increasing the mass of the payload due to the maneuver of the SLV lower stage to the intended impact area to 5% of the initial payload mass.  The mass of additional equipment required for the implementation of this technology can be up to 3-5% of the «dry» structure of the SLV separating part.

About the authors

Ja. T. Shatrov

Central Research Institute for Machine Building, Korolyov

Author for correspondence.
Email: ozhigovaav@tsniimash.ru

Doctor of Science (Engineering)
Senior Research Associate, Head of Department

Russian Federation

D. A. Baranov

Space Rocket Center «Progress», Samara

Email: dimitri.baranov@samspace.ru

Deputy General Designer on space launch vehicles, Director of the «Soyuz» program

Russian Federation

V. I. Trushlyakov

Omsk State Technical University

Email: vatrushlyakov@yandex.ru

Doctor of Science (Engineering), Professor
Professor of the Department of Aircraft and Rocket Construction

Russian Federation

V. Yu. Kudentsov

Omsk State Technical University

Email: kvu_om@mail.ru

Candidate of Science (Engineering)
Associate Professor, Assistant Professor of the Department of Aircraft and Rocket Construction

Russian Federation

D. V. Sitnikov

Omsk State Technical University

Email: d.sitnikov@list.ru

Candidate of Science (Engineering)
Assistant Professor of the Department of Fundamentals of the Theory of Mechanics and Automatic Control

Russian Federation

D. B. Lempert

Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka

Email: lempertdavid@yandex.ru

Candidate of Science (Chemistry)
Senior Researcher, Head of Laboratory

Russian Federation

References

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