REVIEW OF MODERN PUBLICATIONS ON THE ETHNIC COMPOSITION OF THE COSSACK ARMIES


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Abstract

A review of modern publications devoted to the study of the ethnic composition of the Don, Kuban, Tersky, Orenburg, Ural, Siberian, Far Eastern Cossack troops is presented. The ethnic and confessional core of the Cossacks was the Orthodox East Slavic population, but it also included representatives of the Turkic-Mongolian and Caucasian peoples who profess Islam and Buddhism. The article provides information provided by Russian, Ukrainian and Kazakh scientists about the main ethnic groups that made up the population of Cossack troops by the end of the 19th century, when in terms of their legal status the Cossacks represented a military service class. The specificity of structuring their identity, characteristic of non-Slavic Cossacks of different troops, the organizational basis of this identity is shown. A description is also given of the interaction of ethno-linguistic and confessional factors in the formation of various identities within the Cossack troops. An analysis of research in this problem area showed that scientific research is more focused on studying the ethnic composition of troops at the stage of their formation and development. The authors of the scientific review conclude that, first of all, researchers need to pay attention to establishing the reasons for the entry of representatives of various ethnic groups into the ranks of the Cossacks, collectivity or individuality in accepting the Cossack status. Secondly, to analyze whether the groups of foreign ethnic Cossacks were the structural units of the local social organization of the Eastern Slavs, or did not depend on it. Thirdly, to what extent the organization of society of different groups of Cossacks was unified or had differences. This is especially important in conditions of absolute quantitative and organizational predominance of the East Slavic Cossacks at the indicated time. Fourth, how did acculturation in the Cossack troops take place and what social institutions and groups implemented this process.

About the authors

E. V. Godovova

Orenburg branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration

Author for correspondence.
Email: morenov@ssau.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7045-4310

Doctor of Historical Sciences, associate professor, associate professor of the Department of Humanitarian, Social and Economic, Mathematical and Natural Sciences

I. Yu. Vasiliev

Scientific Research Center for Traditional Culture «Kuban Cossack Choir»

Email: morenov@ssau.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1381-6992

Candidate of Historical Sciences, Senior Researcher

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