SOCIO-ECONOMICAL ASPECTS OF WOMEN’S ILLITERACY CAMPAIGN IN THE USSR IN THE 1920–1930

The article considers the gender aspects of the illiteracy campaign in the USSR in the 1920-ies-1930-ies from the point of view of their significance in the general course of revolutionary transformations in the country. The research objective is to analyze the economic, social and political factors of women’s illiteracy campaign. The research tasks are to analyze the content and social orientation of the policy of illiteracy campaign, to identify the mechanisms for its implementation, and objectively assess the actual results. The work is based on the empirical material of the documents of archival funds, on the works of state leaders and public figures who led the process of illiteracy campaign, based on the legislative sources, on the collections of documents and materials, on the statistical collections, on the periodical press materials. In the analysis of sources, historical and pedagogical research methods were used: theoretical interdisciplinary analysis and synthesis, comparative historiographic analysis, comparative-historical, historical-typological, historical-genetic methods and general scientific methods of systemic and structural-functional analysis. As a result of the research the specifics of women’s illiteracy campaign was revealed, which consisted in a greater specific weight of an individual form of education, overcoming social and psychological barriers to education, special measures of social support for female students, and organizational help in solving social and household problems. The role of women’s movement as an important factor in the process of literacy of the female population of the country is shown in the article. The novelty and significance of research are determined by the introduction of factual material into the scientific circulation and by researching the problem objective and free from ideological attitudes characteristic of previous approaches.

illiteracy campaign in the USSR in the 1920–1930, gender aspects of the illiteracy campaign, social conditions for the women’s illiteracy, economic conditions for the women’s illiteracy, causes for the women’s illiteracy campaign in the USSR.