Vol 1, No 2 (2021)

Evgeniy Fomich Molevich turned 90 years old on the 25th of April 2021. He is an extraordinary man whose biography is a reflection of an entire era in the history of our country. The purpose of this article is to introduce the reader to human qualities and the main stages of life path, as well as scientific interests of a well-known scientist. There have been analyzed his sociological concept of the three-pronged structure of the modern sociological knowledge; the characteristic aspects of the approach regarding the labor activity analysis and its structure; the labor concept in a post-industrial society; the prospects for the construction of a modern society as a new social and information reality. Moreover, there has been make an emphasis on the applied aspects of E.F. Molevich’s activities as the organizer of the sociological laboratory (1969), the director of the Research Institute of Social Technologies of Samara University (1995-2009) and the head of Sociology and Political Science Department. Conclusions concerning the reasons for widespread recognition in the scientific environment and successes in teaching and social activities have been drawn.

The article is devoted to the problem of the marginalization of philosophy in the modern world. The starting point of the study is the position of Oswald Spengler about the loss of understanding of the meaning and significance of philosophy in the situation of the death of European civilization. The article highlights the main signs of the degeneration of philosophical thought in modern society, among which the author refers to the atomization of philosophical discourse, the blurring of the boundaries between philosophical thought and scientific research, the loss of transcendental dimensions by philosophy, the marginalization of philosophical discourse and the phenomenon of "turn". The study pays special attention to the anthropological and linguistic turn. In particular, the author substantiates the thesis that modern philosophy does not just address the problem of language, but replaces being, as the main category of philosophy, with a sign and its structural components. The article criticizes positivism and poststructuralism as crisis and borderline phenomena of modern philosophical thought. The thesis is substantiated that the transformation of philosophical discourse in the post-metaphysical directions of modern thought leads to the distortion and loss of the original meaning of philosophy. The author made an attempt to reconstruct the original meaning of philosophy. The study uses the methodological principles and attitudes of historical and philosophical reconstruction, discourse analysis and semiotics.

While using the “encyclopedia” concept as a guide, it has been shown the way in which the increasingly rapid growth of knowledge, created by the worldwide communication, leads to entirely new problems. The science as a collective enterprise is splitting off from the individuals and leveling down their education. There doesn’t exist a single scientist, being acquainted with the whole knowledge accumulated in the discipline. The knowledge quantity rate proves that there are problems while carrying out the knowledge overview and systematization. As a result, traditional encyclopedias are becoming increasingly outdated. This process may be understood by the means of Georg Simmel’s thesis on the alienation of objective and subjective culture. The present article presents some brief reactions to this problem.

The article is devoted to the consistent patterns of the book “Heavy Lyre” by Vl. Khodasevich. The main issue of the article refers to the structural subsequence of the arranged poems in the book “Heavy Lyre” and the factors that may have influenced such structural subsequence. The author aims to compare the first and the last poems of the book so as to identify and compare their main themes and the change of the lyrical subject. In order to archive this goal the author carries out an immanent analysis of the poem “Music”. As a result, there has been proved the insufficiency of existing interpretations. Finally the author analyzes the poem “Ballade” in accordance with the other research studies, and there has been provided a comparative table of the two texts. The author concludes that there exist four main themes that unite both texts, and he provides the development of their change..

This article is devoted to the “Song about Volga” by V. Vysotsky and its place in the development of the Volga plot in Russian culture and literature. In order to indicate the context, the “Volga works” of I. Kondratiev and A. Navrotsky are studied; the main meanings fixed in the culture relating to the Volga in the late XIX and early XX centuries are revealed. Furthermore, we study the transformation of these meanings in the literature of the first decades of the twentieth century (A. Shiryaevets, Artem Vesely) and in the cinema (G. Alexandrov’s feature film “Volga-Volga”). A special place is given to the studying of the story of A.N. Tolstoy “Extraordinary Adventures on the Volga Steamer”, in which a new version of the Volga plot, picked up and developed by other authors, appears and forms on the ruins of the former robber-Barge Haulers’ Volga myth. The historical review of the Volga texts concludes with a review of the revision of the image of the Volga and related subjects in the culture of the 1960s and 70s. The carried out historical and literary research becomes the basis for the analysis of the artistic structure of V. Vysotsky’s “Songs about the Volga”. This analysis allows us to conclude that, while restoring some of the connotations lost by the image of the Volga and the Volga plot, V. Vysotsky at the same time tried to create a text that would be as protected as possible from ideological and other restrictions, remaining alive any time and on condition of any ideology.

This article concentrates on the problem of literary interactions. It studies connections between Joseph Brodsky’s imperative poems “Ne vykhodi iz komnaty” (“Don’t leave your room”, 1970) and “Nazidanie” (“Cautionary Advice”, 1987), and their imitations. Those imitations were composed by both amateur and professional authors. The research objective is to define the character of similarities, the latter being mainly manifested at the rhythmic, speech and ideological levels. The methodology is based upon an empirical approach to the text; the specific methods are prosody analysis, comparative analysis, analysis of the motive structure. Two types of imitation of the said pre-texts are distinguished in the study. The first one is reflective feeble imitation represented by amateur texts written by web authors. Amateur poets create simplified variations of “Ne vykhodi iz komnaty” that became a “lockdown hymn” in the spring of 2020. Conscious support of a renowned poet’s work seems to legitimate creation of an amateur piece with its further placement on the web. The other type of imitation is a poetic dialogue. In spite of the fact that the author mainly employs “ready-made” compositional and speech patterns and lyrical and narrative motives, he develops and combines them in his own manner. M. Vatutina’s poem “S chuzhimi ne razgovarivai, zhizn’ u tebya odna…” (“Don’t talk to strangers, you’ve got just the only one life…”) may be viewed as a rhythmic and semantic paraphrase of Brodsky’s “Nazidanie” followed by definite transformations. Conceivably it cannot be referred to the so-called secondary texts in spite of its strong connection to Brodsky’s poems.

The article is devoted to the study of labor mobility and the possibility of using systematic sociological data so as to gauge the readiness for labor migration of the working youth. The purpose of this work is to construct a methodology (logical index) and assess the readiness level of labor migration of the new working-class youth of the Ural Federal District (UFD). The study object is working youth (15-29 years old), employed in the sphere of industry and in the field of services. Based on the cluster analysis of data from a mass questionnaire survey (which was conducted in the Ural Federal District in 2018), the gender, the industry and territorial specifics of the readiness level concerning labor migration of three social types of the working youth – “the earning ones”, “the surviving ones” and “the adapted ones”, have been analysed. According to the results of the study, it is definite that the most quantified readiness regarding labor migration is among the rural youth of the social type “the surviving ones”, among young women of the social type “the earning ones”, as well as among the working youth employed in the service sector (regardless of their social type). The results can be used by public authorities in order to to gauge the readiness level of labor migration in the particular region and to develop regional targeted programs concerning the effective use of labor resources.

The article is devoted to the study of the social consequences of the employment transformation in the world of “capital” in the context of the modern expansion of global capitalism and the digitalization of the global economy. Particular attention is paid to proving the inconsistency of the current mythologization of the digital economy in order to cover up the anti-labor orientation of various forms of non-standard, informal employment, which has become widespread in all three worlds of the modern world-system within the framework of digital capitalism. At the center of the analysis of the digital economy impact on the workers’ socio-economic situation is the digitalization of the world of work and social and labor relations in the United States, that serve as a role model throughout the world, especially in the economically developed countries of the global North. The digitalization of labor in the Golden Billion countries, as well as in the Third World countries with a transition economy instead of the promised reduction of the contradictions between labor and capital led them to an even greater exacerbation and gave rise to a new type of social inequality – digital inequality – both inside all countries and between them. The author concludes that there has been a significant increase in the labor exploitation intensification as a result of the digital revolution and the need to search for and introduce new forms of world order under the slogan of the alterglobalists’ social movement – “People are higher than profits”.

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