Anti-peasant activities of the All-Russian Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counter-Revolution, Speculation, and Sabotage organs in the Volga Region and in the Ural Region during the Civil War
- Authors: Mistryugov P.A.1
-
Affiliations:
- Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation
- Issue: Vol 26, No 2 (2020)
- Pages: 41-48
- Section: Articles
- URL: https://journals.ssau.ru/hpp/article/view/7863
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.18287/2542-0445-2020-26-2-41-48
- ID: 7863
Cite item
Full Text
Abstract
The article focuses on the anti-peasant activities of the All-Russian Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counter-Revolution, Speculation, and Sabotage organs in the Volga Region and in the Ural Region during the Civil War. The peasantry of the South-East of the European Russia that suffered a humanitarian catastrophe due to the ruinous politics of the higher party authorities was involved in every form of civil confrontation; however, the peasant opposition towards the authorities became large-scale and stood out because of its huge destructive potential. The analysis of the All-Russian Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counter-Revolution, Speculation, and Sabotage activities lets us not only reveal the repressive motivation of Bolsheviks, who monopolized the power in the Soviets and blocked the initiatives of peasants, but also examine the degree of the involvement and the functional role which belonged to the All-Russian Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counter-Revolution, Speculation, and Sabotage organs during the suppression of peasant protests. The control, supervisory, investigative , judicial, extrajudicial and military methods that were used by the All-Russian Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counter-Revolution, Speculation, and Sabotage organs are demonstrated in the article. That is based on the example of the study of the All-Russian Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counter-Revolution, Speculation, and Sabotage organs participation in the suppression of the Chapan uprising, Black Eagle uprising and Sapozhkov uprising. Moreover, the actions of extraordinary structures towards the partisan peasant units have been studied. In order to research the given problem the published as well as unpublished documents of ordinary and extraordinary soviet government and authority bodies were used. These documents are kept in the Central Archive of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation, the National Archive of the Republic of Bashkortostan, the State Archive of the Saratov Region, the Saratov Region State Archive of Contemporary History, the Central State Archive of the Samara Region. In the course of the research it was proved that the operation of the All-Russian Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counter-Revolution, Speculation, and Sabotage organs reflected the interests of the higher party authorities of the RSFSR, whose aim was the provision of the continuous execution of the military mobilization and economic activities. The peasantry of the Samara, Saratov, Orenburg and Ufa regions turned out to be a hostage of the plans of the centre and their interests were abandoned.
About the authors
P. A. Mistryugov
Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation
Author for correspondence.
Email: morenov@ssau.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7996-1466
Candidate of Historical Sciences, senior lecturer of the Department of Russian History, Medicine and Social Sciences
References
- Aminev 1966 – Aminev Z.A. (1966) The October Socialist Revolution and the Civil War in Bashkiria. (1917–1919). Ufa: Bashknigoizdat, 483 p. Available at: : http://padaread.com/?book=98762. (In Russ.)
- Essays on the history of the Saratov Volga Region 2006 – Essays on the history of the Saratov Volga Region (1917–1941). Vol. 3. Part 1. Saratov: Izd-vo Saratovskogo universiteta, 492 p. (In Russ.)
- Golinkov 1986 – Golinkov D.L. (1986) The collapse of the anti-Soviet underground in the USSR. Book 1. 332 p. Book 2. 396 p. Moscow: Politizdat. Available at: https://royallib.com/book/golinkov_david/krushenie_antisovetskogo_podpolya_v_sssr_tom_1.html. (In Russ.)
- History of Bashkortostan 2004 – History of Bashkortostan. 1917–1990 years: in 2 vol. R.N. Suleymanova (Ed). Vol. 1: 1917–1945. Ufa: Gilem, 400 p. Available at: https://vk.com/topic-67426137_29597451. (in Russ.)
- Kabytova 1997 – Kabytova N.N. (1997) In the fire of the civil war: (Samara Province at the end of 1917–1920). Samara: Samar. un-t, 191 p. (In Russ.)
- Kondrashin 2009 – Kondrashin V.V. (2009) The peasantry of Russia in the Civil War: on the question of the origins of Stalinism. Moscow: ROSSPEN: Fond Pervogo Prezidenta Rossii B.N. El'tsina, 574 p. Available at: https://www.litmir.me/br/?b=570454&p=1. (In Russ.)
- Medvedev 1974 – Medvedev E.I. (1974) Civil war in the Middle Volga region (1918–1919). Saratov: Izd-vo Saratovskogo un-ta, 352 p. Available at: https://archive.org/details/Grazhdanskaja_Vojna_v_Srednem_Povolzhe/page/n1/mode/2up. (In Russ.)
- Mistryugov 2018 – Mistryugov P.A. (2018) Local emergency structures of the Soviet government during the Civil War. Samara: Izd-vo Samarskogo nauchnogo tsentra RAN, 300 p. (In Russ.)
- Portnov 1987 – Portnov V.P. (1987) All-Russian Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counter-Revolution, Speculation, and Sabotage, 1917–1922. Moscow: Yurid. lit., 207 p. Available at: https://pl.b-ok.cc/book/3208058/58b077. (In Russ.)
- Posadsky 2018 – Posadsky A.V. (2018) The Green Movement in the Civil War in Russia: Peasant Front between the Reds and the Whites, 1918–1922. Moscow: Tsentrpoligraf, 318 p. Available at: https://mybook.ru/author/anton-posadskij/zelenoe-dvizhenie-v-grazhdanskoj-vojne-v-rossii-kr/read. (In Russ.)
- Romanenko 1985 – Romanenko V.V. (1985) In the fight against counter-revolution: From the history of creation of All-Russian Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counter-Revolution, Speculation, and Sabotage of the Volga and Ural Commissions in 1918–1922. Saratov:Izd-vo Saratovskogo universiteta, 160 p. (In Russ.)
- Safonov 1999 – Safonov D.A. (1999) The Great Peasant War of 1920–1921 and the South Urals. Orenburg: «Orenburgskaya guberniya», 314 p. Available at: http://orenkraeved.ru/biblioteka/istoriya-i-kraevedenie-orenburzhya/1744-velikaya-krestyanskaya-vojna-1920-1921-gg-i-yuzhnyj-ural.html. (In Russ.)
Supplementary files
![](/img/style/loading.gif)