COUNTERACTION TO BEGGING IN RUSSIA: HISTORICAL ASPECT


Cite item

Full Text

Abstract

This article examines the history of struggle against begging in Russia, which in different periods was regulated by both criminal and administrative measures. The need for retrospective analysis is due to the fact that begging from the occupation characteristic of the poor and disadvantaged, turned into an illegal business, which attracted the attention of fraudsters and organized criminal groups. In addition, in modern Russian legislation there is no system of legal measures to counteract begging. The author’s periodization of domestic legislation aimed at combating begging is given. The author concludes that at each historical stage the implementation of legislative measures was complicated by the favorable attitude of citizens to begging and such objective factors as wars, crop failures, epidemics. The author believes that the historical period in which the balance between repressive and social measures was achieved is the end of the XIX century. In conclusion, the author comes to the conclusion that state measures to combat begging should be aimed at social security of people who really need help, and combating professional begging.

About the authors

A. K. Teokharov

Department of Criminology, Psychology and Pedagogy, Omsk Academy of the Ministry of the Interior of the Russian Federation

Author for correspondence.
Email: grigorjewa.katerina@yandex.ru
Russian Federation

References

  1. Nezabytaya starina: Drevnerusskie povesti. Sost. T. G. Teten’kina [Remembered the old days: Old Russian novels. Complier T. G. Teterkina]. Kaliningrad: Yantar. skaz, 1996, 80 p. [in Russian].
  2. Sbornik staroobryadcheskii № 59 [Collection of the Old Believers № 59]. Available at: http://old. stsl.ru/manuscripts/fond-212/59 (accessed 16.01.2019) [in Russian].
  3. Galai Y. G., Chernykh K. V. Nishchenstvo i brodyazhnichestvo v dorevolyutsionnoi Rossii: zakonodatel’nye i prakticheskie problemy: monografiya [Begging and vagrancy in pre-revolutionary Russia: legislative and practical problems: monograph]. N. Novgorod: Nizhegorodskaya pravovaya akademiya, 2012, 152 p. Available at: https://ru.b-ok.cc/ book/2981382/1ef3b3 [in Russian].
  4. Pryzhov I. G. Istoriya nishchenstva, kabachestva i klikushestva na Rusi [History of begging, taverns proliferation and hysterics in Russia]. M.: Izd. tsentr «Terra»: Kn. lavka-RTR, 1997, 233 p. Available at: https://ru.b-ok.cc/book/3198437/278d7e [in Russian].
  5. Kostomarov N. I. Ocherk domashnei zhizni i nravov Velikorusskogo naroda v XVI i XVII stoletiyakh [Essay of home life and customs of the great Russian people in the XVI and XVII centuries]. SPb.: Tip. Karla Vul’fa, 1860, 218 p. Available at: http://dugward.ru/ library/kostomarov/kostomarov_ocherk_domashney_ jizni.html [in Russian].
  6. Skrynnikov R. G. Mikhail Romanov [Mikhail Romanov]. M.: Ermak, 2005, 334 p. Available at: https:// www.litmir.me/br/?b=236245&p=1 [in Russian].
  7. Rossiiskoe zakonodatel’stvo X–XX vekov: v 9 t. T. 2: Zakonodatel’stvo perioda obrazovaniya i ukrepleniya Russkogo tsentralizovannogo gosudarstva. Pod obshch. red. O. I. Chistyakova [Russian legislation of the X–XX centuries: in 9 Vols. Vol. 2: Legislation of the period of formation and strengthening of the centralized Russian state. O. I. Chistyakov (Ed.)]. M.: Yurid. lit., 1985, 520 p. Available at: http://en.bookfi.net/book/1345718 [in Russian].
  8. Vladimir-Budanov M. F. Obzor istorii russkogo prava [Review of the history of Russian law]. M.: Izdatel’skii dom «Territoriya budushchego», 2005, 800 p. Available at: http://dugward.ru/library/gosipravo/ vladimirskiy-budanov.html [in Russian].
  9. Polnoe sobranie zakonov Rossiiskoi imperii. Sobranie pervoe. T. 3: 1689-1699 gg. [Full collection of laws of the Russian Empire. Collection number one. Vol. 3: 1689–1699]. SPb.: Tip. 2-go Otd-niya Sobstv. E. I. V. Kantselyarii, 1830. 693 p. Available at: https:// runivers.ru/bookreader/book9811/#page/1/mode/1up [in Russian].
  10. Solovyov S. M. Sochineniya: v 18 kn. Kn. 8. Istoriya Rossii s drevneishikh vremen. T. 15–16. Otv. red.: I. D. Koval’chenko, S. S. Dmitriev [Writings: in 18 books. Book 8. History of Russia since ancient times. Vol. 15–16. I. D. Kovalchenko, S. S. Dmitriev (Eds.)]. M.: Mysl’, 1993, 639 p. Available at: http://militera.lib. ru/common/solovyev1/index.html [in Russian].
  11. Polnoe sobranie zakonov Rossiiskoi imperii. Sobranie pervoe. T. 4: 1700–1712 gg. [Full collection of laws of the Russian Empire. Collection number one. Vol. 4: 1700–1712]. SPb.: Tip. 2-go Otd-niya Sobstv. E. I. V. Kantselyarii, 1830, 890 p. Available at: https:// runivers.ru/lib/book3130/9812 [in Russian].
  12. Polnoe sobranie zakonov Rossiiskoi imperii. Sobranie pervoe. T. 5: 1713–1719 gg. [Full collection of laws of the Russian Empire. Collection number one. Vol. 5: 1713–1719]. SPb.: Tip. 2-go Otd-niya Sobstv. E. I. V. Kantselyarii, 1830, 782 p. Available at: https:// runivers.ru/lib/book3130/9813/ [in Russian].
  13. Polnoe sobranie zakonov Rossiiskoi imperii. Sobranie pervoe. T. 6: 1720–1722 gg. [Full collection of laws of the Russian Empire. Collection number one. Vol. 6: 1720–1722]. SPb.: Tip. 2-go Otd-niya Sobstv. E. I. V. Kantselyarii, 1830, 817 p. Available at: https:// runivers.ru/lib/book3130/9814/ [in Russian].
  14. Polnoe sobranie zakonov Rossiiskoi imperii. Sobranie pervoe. T. 9: 1733–1736 gg. [Full collection of laws of the Russian Empire. Collection number one. Vol. 9: 1733–1736]. SPb.: Tip. 2-go Otd-niya Sobstv. E. I. V. Kantselyarii, 1830, 1016 p. Available at: https:// runivers.ru/lib/book3130/9817/ [in Russian].
  15. Polnoe sobranie zakonov Rossiiskoi imperii. Sobranie pervoe. T. 19: 1770–1774 gg. [Full collection of laws of the Russian Empire. Collection number one. Vol. 19: 1770–1774]. SPb.: Tip. 2-go Otd-niya Sobstv. E. I. V. Kantselyarii, 1830, 1083 p. Available at: https:// runivers.ru/lib/book3130/9827 [in Russian].
  16. Polnoe sobranie zakonov Rossiiskoi imperii. Sobranie pervoe. T. 20: 1775–1780 gg. [Full collection of laws of the Russian Empire. Collection number one. Vol. 20: 1775–1780]. SPb.: Tip. 2-go Otd-niya Sobstv. E. I. V. Kancelyarii, 1830. 1041 p. Availabale at: https:// runivers.ru/lib/book3130/9828/ [in Russian].
  17. Tsimbaev N. I. Istoriya Rossii XIX – nachala XX vv. Pod red. L. V. Milova [Russian history of the XIX – early XX century. L. V. Milov (Ed.)]. M.: Slovo, 2010, 218 p. Available at: https://www.e-reading.life/ book.php?book=1004900 [in Russian].
  18. Polnoe sobranie zakonov Rossiiskoi imperii. Sobranie vtoroe. T. 12: 1837 g. Otdelenie 1: 1837 g. [Full collection of laws of the Russian Empire. Collection number two. Vol. 12: 1837. Department 1: 1837]. SPb.: Tip. 2-go Otd-niya Sobstv. E. I. V. Kantselyarii, 1838, 823 p. Available at: https://runivers.ru/lib/book3136/9881/ [in Russian].
  19. Ulozhenie o nakazaniyakh ugolovnykh i ispravitel’nykh 1845 g. [Code on criminal and correctional punishments of 1845]. SPb.: Tip. 2-go Otd-niya Sobstv. E. I. V. Kantselyarii, 1845, 898 p. Available at: http://xn-e1aaejmenocxq.xn--p1ai/node/13654 [in Russian].
  20. Chernykh K. V. Gosudarstvenno-pravovye mery po preduprezhdeniyu i presecheniyu nishchenstva i brodyazhnichestva v Rossiiskom gosudarstve: X – nachalo XX stoletiya: avtoref. dis. ... kand. yurid. nauk [State-legal measures to prevent and suppress begging and vagrancy in the Russian state: X – beginning of the XX century: author’s abstract of Candidate’s of Legal Sciences thesis]. N. Novgorod, 2008, 26 p. Available at: https://www.dissercat.com/content/gosudarstvenno-pravovye-mery-po-preduprezhdeniyu-i-presecheniyu-nishchenstva-i-brodyazhniche/read [in Russian].
  21. Zinchenko D. V. Gosudarstvennaya politika po bor’be s professional’nym nishchenstvom v Rossii: 1837–1903 gg.: avtoref. dis. ... kand. ist. nauk [State policy to combat professional poverty in Russia: 1837– 1903: author’s abstract of Candidate’s of Historical Sciences thesis]. SPb., 2010, 22 p. Available at: https:// www.dissercat.com/content/gosudarstvennaya-politika-po-borbe-s-professionalnym-nishchenstvom-v-rossii/ read [in Russian].
  22. Deklaratsiya prav trudyashchegosya i ekspluatiruemogo naroda ot 3 (16) yanvarya 1918 g. [Declaration of rights of the working and exploited people as of January 3 (16), 1918]. In: Dekrety Sovetskoi vlasti. T. 1 [Decrees of the Soviet power. Vol. 1]. M., 1957, 626 p. Available at: http://www.hist.msu.ru/ER/ Etext/DEKRET/declarat.htm [in Russian].
  23. Dekret SNK RSFSR ot 29 yanvarya 1920 g. «O poryadke vseobshchei trudovoi povinnosti» [Decree of the Council of People’s Comissars of the RSFSR dd. January 29, 1920 «On the order of universal labor duty»]. Sobranie uzakonenii RSFSR [Code of Justice of the RSFSR], 1920, no. 8, Article 49 [in Russian].
  24. «Samovary» Stalina. Kak sovetskie goroda «chistili» ot geroev-invalidov [«Basket cases» of Stalin. How Soviet cities were «cleaned» from the characters with disabilities]. Available at: https://life.ru/t/%D0% B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8/1113810/ samovary_stalina_kak_sovietskiie_ghoroda_chistili_ot_ ghieroiev-invalidov (accessed 16.01.2019) [in Russian].
  25. Ukaz Prezidiuma Verkhovnogo Soveta SSSR ot 23 iyulya 1951 g. «O merakh bor’by s antiobshchestvennymi paraziticheskimi elementami» [Decree of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dd. July 23, 1951 «On measures against anti-social parasitic elements»]. In: Sbornik osnovnykh normativnykh aktov organov gosudarstvennoi vlasti i upravleniya ob ugolovnoi otvetstvennosti za prestupleniya i osvobozhdeniya ot nakazaniya [Collection of basic normative acts of bodies of state power and administration about criminal liability for crimes and release from punishment]. M., 1968, 172 p. [in Russian].a minor with a victim in the criminal law of Russia and Germany: Candidate’s of Legal Sciences thesis: 12.00.08]. Krasnoyarsk, 2012, 237 p. Available at: https://www.dissercat.com/content/primirenie- nesovershennoletnego-s-poterpevshim-v-ugolovnom-prave-rossii-i-germanii [in Russian].

Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
Action
1. JATS XML
Download

Copyright (c) 2019 Teokharov A.K.

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

This website uses cookies

You consent to our cookies if you continue to use our website.

About Cookies