No 1 (18) (2021)

Cover Page

Full Issue

Aviation and rocket and space technology

Sustainability in aircraft industry

Прокофьева А.А., Давыдова С.О.

Abstract

The purpose of this work is to find out the latest environmentally driven innovations in aircraft industry. The main reason for designing new types of aircraft is ecological problems. In the article the latest damage free concepts are shown.

Proceedings of young scientists and specialists of the Samara University. 2021;(1 (18)):5-8
pages 5-8 views

Biology

ANALYSIS OF THE NUMBER AND DISTRIBUTION OF SOME MAMMAL SPECIES IN THE TERRITORY OF KRASNOSAMARSKY FOREST

Maryakhin I., Fokina M.E.

Abstract

This article presents the results of studying the distribution in the territory of Krasnosamarskoye forestry in three biotopes (pine forest, mixed forest and open spaces) of some species of mammals: red fox, common squirrel, European hare, wild boar, Siberian roe deer. It was noted that fox tracks were found in all studied biotopes, mainly in the pine forest. In the pine forest, traces of the common squirrel were also noted. Wild boar and Siberian roe deer prefer mixed forest with sparse areas. Brown hare tracks were found in all biotopes, but the largest number of them was seen in open forest areas. Data on the dynamics of the number of mammals in the snowy period from January to March 2021 are also presented.

Proceedings of young scientists and specialists of the Samara University. 2021;(1 (18)):9-16
pages 9-16 views

INFLUENCE OF MAGNESIUM TAURINATE ON THE ACTIVITY OF THE INSULATED FROG HEART

Kholkina Y.S., Zainulin R.A., Romanova I.D.

Abstract

In this paper, we studied the effect of magnesium taurinate on the functional state of the heart, demonstrated the stimulating effect of the test substance on the heart rate and stroke volume, as well as a significant increase in the minute volume of the heart. The nature of the effect of magnesium taurinate on the heart rate was also revealed: the higher the concentration of the studied compounds, the greater the change in this parameter. It was found that when using drug solutions in concentrations of 10-8 M, 10-6 M and 10-4 M, the Frank-Starling law is not violated. It was found that the concentration of the drug is capable of causing the most pronounced changes in the functional parameters of the heart. In this paper, we revealed the nature of the direction of the chronotropic and inotropic effect of. It has been suggested that taurine affects the processes in which magnesium ions play a role of a regulator.

Proceedings of young scientists and specialists of the Samara University. 2021;(1 (18)):17-22
pages 17-22 views

THE EFFECT OF AMITRIPTYLINE HYDROCHLORIDE ON ISOLATED FROG HEART

Shubnyakov I.A., Zainulin R.A., Romanova I.D.

Abstract

The article is dedicated to the study of the effect of amitriptyline on the functional state of an isolated frog’s heart. Cardiac rate, stroke volume, and volume of the heart per minute were determined in course of the work. The study revealed that amitriptyline hydrochloride has a negative effect on the functional state of the frog’s heart, reducing cardiac rate, ventricular ejection and volume of the heart per minute. Possible mechanisms of the substance effect on myocardial contractile function are represented.

Proceedings of young scientists and specialists of the Samara University. 2021;(1 (18)):23-27
pages 23-27 views

EFFECT OF AMITRIPTYLINE HYDROCHLORIDE ON THE ACTIVITY OF ALPHA-1 AND BETA-2 ADRENORECEPTORS IN AN ISOLATED FROG HEART

Shubnyakov I.A., Zainulin R.A., Romanova I.D.

Abstract

The article is dedicated to the study of the effect of amitriptyline hydrochloride on the functioning of α1-adrenoreceptors and β2-adrenoreceptors. Cardiac rate, stroke volume, and volume of the heart per minute were determined in course of the work. In perfusion of amitriptyline hydrochloride, a decrease in the chronotropic and inotropic effects of adrenaline is observed. This effect results from the blockade of α1-adrenoreceptors as well as the attenuation of β2-adrenergic effects on frog’s heart. Possible mechanisms of effect of amitriptyline hydrochloride on adrenergic receptors are presented.

Proceedings of young scientists and specialists of the Samara University. 2021;(1 (18)):28-33
pages 28-33 views

PECULIARITIES OF REARING AND REHABILITATION OF THE BLACK SWIFT (APUS APUS) IN THE CONDITIONS OF CAPTIVITY

Yaroslavkina O.A., Fokina Maria Evgenievna F.

Abstract

The aim of this study is to reveal the peculiarities of rearing chicks and rehabilitation of adults of the black swift (Apus apus) in captivity. In the process, we used a Lumme lu-1340 kitchen scale. As a result of the work, scientific and methodological recommendations were given for the rearing of black swift chicks in captivity, and the features of the rehabilitation of adults for subsequent release into nature were emphasized. The effectiveness of the work consists in identifying the peculiarities of rearing chicks and rehabilitation of adults of the Black Swift.

Proceedings of young scientists and specialists of the Samara University. 2021;(1 (18)):34-39
pages 34-39 views

Informatics

Generation and propagation of Laguerre-Gaussian beams

Колебанова М.Л., Slobozhanina N.A.

Abstract

In this paper, we numerically study the propagation of classical Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) beams and three-index LG beams. The LG modes are the higher-order modes in contrast the Gaussian modes, which are the fundamental modes and have simpler intensity profile. We get the intensity and the phase distribution of the beams to visualize their structure during propagation. The propagation of beams in free space is modeled using the Fresnel transform, and the input field image distribution in the rear focal plane of the lens is modeled using the Fourier transform. The results proved that the standard LG beams preserve their structure up to a scale. Three-index LG beam structure was studied as well.

Proceedings of young scientists and specialists of the Samara University. 2021;(1 (18)):40-45
pages 40-45 views

History

Restoration of the Alexander Bridge in the conditions of the Russian Civil War (according to the documents of the RGA in Samara)

Korban O.V.

Abstract

In 2022, it will be exactly one hundred years since the end of the Civil War – a difficult test for the inhabitants of the former Russian Empire. But, according to archival documents, the war years were marked not only by destruction. The article considers the circumstances of the restoration of the Alexander (Syzran) bridge over the Volga River in the period from October 1918 to March 1919. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the living conditions of builders: engineers, workers, employees - against the background of the Civil War in Russia with its accompanying social disunity, economic decline, famine in a number of areas, epidemiological diseases such as typhus and cholera. A characteristic feature of that time was the simultaneous management of the object's activities by several departments: specialized, military, and political, which did not always agree on practical issues, which was reflected in the documents concerning the restoration of the Alexander Bridge. Attention is drawn to the thoroughness.

Proceedings of young scientists and specialists of the Samara University. 2021;(1 (18)):46-57
pages 46-57 views

ORDER OF INTERNAL BUSINESS PRODUCTION OF THE CABINET OF MINIS-TERS 1730-1741

Krivova D.

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to consider the internal office work of the Cabinet of Ministers 1730-1741. based on its incoming and outgoing documentation. Using the historical-comparative method, the work analyzed individual groups of documents, where the interaction of the Cabinet with other state institutions and officials was manifested. Based on these materials, it was concluded that over the years, the powers of the Cabinet became more and more extensive, which manifested itself in an increase in the volume of its documentation.

Proceedings of young scientists and specialists of the Samara University. 2021;(1 (18)):58-61
pages 58-61 views

PURPOSES AND CONDITIONS OF THE CREATION OF THE KUIBYSHEV COMMUNIST INSTITUTE OF JOURNALISM NAMED AFTER V.M. MOLOTOV IN 1935

Kukhorev V.

Abstract

Author analyzes the conditions in which the formation of the system of journalistic professional education in the USSR took place in the late 1920s - the first half of the 1930s, reveals the goals of creating in the Kuibyshev region in 1935 the Communist Institute of Journalism named after A. V.M. Molotov (KIZ), who played a crucial role in training workers for the party press.

Proceedings of young scientists and specialists of the Samara University. 2021;(1 (18)):62-65
pages 62-65 views

ALFRED VON VACANO'S CONTRIBUTION TO THE URBAN DEVELOPMENT

Mikhailova A.

Abstract

This article examines the main tendencies of economic development of Samara on the cusp of the 19th and 20th centuries. The paper assesses the state of the urban economy at the time when the Austrian A. von Vacano lived in the city. The article outlines the initiatives of the "Beer King" and as a philanthropist and as a public speaker of the Samara City Duma, he has been addressing the urgent issues of the urban development of Samara (issues, such as the problem of electrifying the theater, the problem of the installation of a sewerage system). Also, the article presents his contributions to the improvement of public spaces, to the development of sports in the provincial capital, the paper also notes his patronage of homeless and orphans. The article gives an analysis of the attitude of the city councilors towards the activities of this outstanding citizen of Samara.

Proceedings of young scientists and specialists of the Samara University. 2021;(1 (18)):66-69
pages 66-69 views

THE EXPERIENCE OF BUILDING A SECULAR STATE IN THE USSR FROM 1917-1991: A LEGAL ASPECT

Protasova A.

Abstract

This article is motivated to analyze the transformation of Soviet legislation in relation to religion, which allows us to study the historical context of the problem and identify the main stages in the adoption of new laws by Soviet society on the way to the formation of a secular state.

The study of the issues of freedom of conscience and religion from a legal point of view allows us to bring historical research to an interdisciplinary level and to identify a special discourse in the relations between the government and society, religion and atheism, the law and everyday life.

The findings of the research illustrate the complex process of transforming the human personality in the new conditions of the communist paradigm, the desire to make the state secular and free from religious traditions with the help of legislation and the apparatus of coercion. It went against the real popular religiosity, complex contradictions within each individual person and everyday habits.

The researches underlines the importance of this problems. Undoubtedly, the gradual change of legislation in Soviet Russia and the identification of its own characteristics for each historical period will allow us to understand how the formation of a secular state in the USSR took place.

Proceedings of young scientists and specialists of the Samara University. 2021;(1 (18)):70-76
pages 70-76 views

A.Ya. BASS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ART CULTURE OF THE SAMARA REGION

Surdina E.Y., Filimonova E.N.

Abstract

The article highlights the cultural and educational activities of the Soviet and Russian museum worker A.Ya. Bass (1930 - 2006), which left a deep mark in the history of the spiritual culture of Kuibyshev - Samara in the second half of the XX - early XXI centuries. The role of A.Ya. Bass in the development of the museum business of the Samara region, its contribution to the study of the artistic culture of the region, the collection of works of the avant-garde, the popularization of Kuibyshev artists, etc. is assessed.

Proceedings of young scientists and specialists of the Samara University. 2021;(1 (18)):77-82
pages 77-82 views

DEVELOPMENT OF THE MILITARY-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX OF THE KUIBYSHEV REGION IN 1945-1965.: QUESTIONS OF HISTORIOGRAPHY

Trukhanov R.O.

Abstract

The article is devoted to the analysis of a promising direction of historical research - the development of the military-industrial complex of the Kuibyshev region after the Great Patriotic War. The article provides a brief overview of the works analyzing the issues of the functioning of the region's military production during the war years, which became the prerequisites for creating a line of research on the post-war development of the region's military industry. The degree of study of the indicated problems in generalizing works devoted to both the history of the entire military-industrial complex of the USSR and the history of the Samara (Kuibyshev) region in the XX century is considered. The directions of special research, touching upon the development of certain branches of the military production of the Kuibyshev region after the Great Patriotic War, are determined.

Proceedings of young scientists and specialists of the Samara University. 2021;(1 (18)):83-89
pages 83-89 views

LES RECHERCHES DU BARON DE BAYE DANS LE DOMAINE DE L’ENTOGRAFIE DE LA POPULATION DE LA REGION DE LA VOLGA

Kroz T., Morozkina L.G.

Abstract

L'article examine l'importance des recherches d`archéologue et voyageur français baron de Bayeconcernant les descriptions ethnographiques des traditions du peuple mordovien sur le territoire de la Volga. L'étude apris en compte le fait que le baron de Baye a voyagé en Russie au tournant des XIXe et XXe siècles, lorsque les caractéristiques ethniques des différentes nationalités sont déjà perdues. Mais, si les caractéristiques traditionnelles et les pratiques rituelles persistent, elles sont reconnues par la population comme les plus importantes. Il est important que les traditions du peuple mordovien étudiées par de Baye, qui sont présentes jusqu'au XXe siècle, aient des racines païennes. Ainsi, les recherches des notes ethnographiques du baron de Baye ont permis de conclure que, malgré l'ampleur de la politique gouvernementale de christianisation, qui a eu lieu tout au long du XVIe jusqu`auXIXe siècle, la population mordovienne conserve encore des traditions païennes. Dans cet article les auteurs soulignent que les notes ethnographiques du baron de Baye, qui datent du XXe siècle, ont une grande importance, elles représentent un matériel unique.

Proceedings of young scientists and specialists of the Samara University. 2021;(1 (18)):90-93
pages 90-93 views

CONTEMPORARY THREATS TO HUMANITY THAT DEMANDS RESET IN US-RUSSIA RELATIONS

Sarpong R.O.

Abstract

The United States recognized the Russian Federation as the successor to the Soviet Union and established diplomatic relations on December 31, 1991. Since then, relations continue to exist until today, but fraught with challenges. Each blames the other of interference in internal political activities ranging from election interference, cyber security, regime change etc. These challenges continue to muddy relations between the two countries and provide no path to restoration. Rising global challenges are the reality that the world faces. To defeat this, there is the need for global cooperation. Over the years cooperation between the two countries have brought growth and stability. Thus, in the phase of these rising global challenges, this study examines contemporary relations between the US-Russian and provide three reasons for the need to improve relations and concludes that departure from repairing relations may not only impact the two countries, but global security and stability.  

 

Keywords: US-Russia Relations, global security, cooperation

Proceedings of young scientists and specialists of the Samara University. 2021;(1 (18)):94-99
pages 94-99 views

HOW COULD NATO AND RUSSIA CO-EXIST IN THE TIME OF THE INFORMATION AND "HYBRID" WARS?

Симанов Е.

Abstract

In this article, the constructivist approach to international relations involving the terms and categories of the concept ‘securitization’ is used to analyze the current confrontation between Russia and NATO described as ‘grey zone of conflict’. The purpose of the paper is to investigate usage by the actors of the terms “information” and “hybrid” wars on the basis of content and quantitative analysis of Russian and NATO official papers in the field of security. By comparing the academic discourse and military analytical data the paper clarifies the differences in interpreting the concepts of ‘information warfare’ and ‘hybrid warfare’ in Russian and NATO discourse and suggests perspectives on using the concepts by both actors in deterring global security crisis.

Proceedings of young scientists and specialists of the Samara University. 2021;(1 (18)):100-105
pages 100-105 views

Mathematics

Optimization of software code PYTHON methods of graph theory

Petrov A., Dodonova N.L.

Abstract

This research paper presents a method that allows automated code analysis in the PYTHON programming language, for violations of the basic programming paradigm – "the inadmissibility of code duplication.

Proceedings of young scientists and specialists of the Samara University. 2021;(1 (18)):106-111
pages 106-111 views

Mechanical engineering and mechanical engineering

ERBIUMHÄRTUNG VON ALUMINIUMLEGIERUNGEN

Stozharov D.A., Martynova O.N.

Abstract

Moderne energieintensive ausländische Technologien und das Fehlen von inländischen Technologien zur Herstellung von Aluminium-Erbium-Ligatur, die physikalische und mechanische Eigenschaften von Aluminiumlegierungen verbessern könnten, machen es relevant, eine Methode der aluminiumthermischen Rückgewinnung von Erbiumverbindungen aus Chlorid-Fluorid-Schmelzen zu entwickeln.

In dieser Arbeit wird eine analytische Übersicht verschiedener Verfahren zur Herstellung von Al-Er Ligatur gemacht. Diese Ligatur gilt als vielversprechender Zusatzstoff für Aluminiumlegierungen, der ihre physikalischen und mechanischen Eigenschaften verbessern kann. Es werden auch einige Nachteile verschiedener Herstellungsmethoden der Al-Er-Ligatur analysiert und dargestellt.

Proceedings of young scientists and specialists of the Samara University. 2021;(1 (18)):112-118
pages 112-118 views

Instrumentation

DIRECT CONVERSION OF RADIATION INTO ELECTRICITY

Stefanishin D.I., Davydova S.O.

Abstract

In this work modern methods of electrical energy production by nuclear fission (fusion) and other possible energy sources used in space missions are studied. A conclusion on the necessity of nuclear energy development, in particular, direct conversion of nuclear energy into electrical energy is made. Alternative methods of producing energy as a result of nuclear reactions without using cooling circuit and turbine are considered and studied.  Methods using kinetic energy of reaction product, direct collecting of charge carriers, inductive scheme of energy conversion and modern possibilities of using nanomaterials are pointed out. The necessity of developing direct energy conversion for space exploration is explained.

Proceedings of young scientists and specialists of the Samara University. 2021;(1 (18)):119-124
pages 119-124 views

Sociology

ENTREPRENEURIAL POTENTIAL: ESSENCE AND ROLE OF A SOCIOLOGIST IN ITS STUDY

Gavrilova M.

Abstract

The article reveals the essence of the concept of "entrepreneurial potential" from the standpoint of the existentialist-probabilistic method of cognition. The article shows the difference between this concept and other concepts of entrepreneurial potential based on the classical philosophical tradition. The role of objectively acting external factors and consciously formed impact on economic entities that create incentives for entrepreneurial activity (in addition to internal personal motives of entrepreneurs who realize their creative abilities, value attitudes) in identifying and using the opportunities of entrepreneurial potential is emphasized. The tasks of the sociologist's research in the field of studying the foundations of the formation and use of entrepreneurial potential are determined.

Proceedings of young scientists and specialists of the Samara University. 2021;(1 (18)):125-130
pages 125-130 views

THE ATTRACTING ATTENTION TO THE PROBLEM HUMAN'S CAPITAL IN RUSSIA

Gavrilova M.

Abstract

THE ATTRACTING ATTENTION TO THE PROBLEM HUMAN'S CAPITAL IN RUSSIA

Proceedings of young scientists and specialists of the Samara University. 2021;(1 (18)):131-135
pages 131-135 views

A. SHUTZ AND HIS ROLE FOR EMERGENCE OF PHENOMENOLOGICAL SOCIOLOGY.

Sloboda N.

Abstract

The article describes the preconditions for establishment and continuity of Alfred Shutz’s ideas in developing phenomenological sociology. They are considered in the broad methodological context of modernist paradigm of European social knowledge. This paper describes topics arrangement Shutz’s ideas, located at the crossing sociological and phenomenological ways of thinking. Special attention is paid to analysis of Alfred Shutz’s theoretical forerunners, whose aspects of theories were incorporated into his works. The article cover historical, social and intellectual context of A. Shutz’s works. Major methods of this article are comperly-contrastive and analytical. The main conclusion relates to rationale that A. Shutz’s ideas are located in the middle of social knowledge.

Proceedings of young scientists and specialists of the Samara University. 2021;(1 (18)):136-144
pages 136-144 views

COMMUNICATIVE BEHAVIOUR OF GENERATION Z IN THE ASPECT OF EFFECTIVE WORK WITH TARGET AUDIENCE OF THE PROJECT (ON THE MATERIAL OF THE ALL-RUSSIAN COMTEST OF YOUNG RESEARCHERS “UNIVERSUM”)

Shcherbakova N.

Abstract

This article examines the characteristics of representatives of Generation Z on the basis of research presented by domestic experts and practitioners, studies the specificity and features of the communicative behavior of representatives of this generation in the context of modern media communications and demonstrates the results of their own research on the manifestation of this specificity by participants in a youth educational project. The obtained results of the analysis of existing materials and the results of our own research formed the basis for the organization and promotion of the youth project.

Proceedings of young scientists and specialists of the Samara University. 2021;(1 (18)):145-150
pages 145-150 views

Physics

THE EFFECT OF X-RAY RADIATION ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF PO-ROUS SILICON BASED PHOTOSENSITIVE STRUCTURES

Erofeev A.S., Latukhina N.V.

Abstract

In this paper, a comparative analysis of the voltage-current characteristics (VAC) of photosensitive structures with porous silicon before and after exposure to X-ray radiation was performed. The elements were manufactured according to the same technological route, were exposed to X-ray radiation with a power of 6.9 keV. According to the results of the experiment, after exposure to X-ray radiation, the short-circuit current and the output power increase from 2 to 4 times.

Proceedings of young scientists and specialists of the Samara University. 2021;(1 (18)):151-154
pages 151-154 views

DEGRADATION OF SOLAR CELLS BASED ON POROUS SILICON

Uslin D., Latukhina N.

Abstract

In this paper, we performed a comparative analysis of the current-voltage characteristics of structures with porous silicon, measured at intervals of 11 months. For the measurement, a milliammeter B7-21A and a voltmeter B7-26 were used. A comparison of the values of the maximum output power of the samples showed that the power fell in six samples out of nine, and the power increased in three samples.

Proceedings of young scientists and specialists of the Samara University. 2021;(1 (18)):155-157
pages 155-157 views

A NEW MODEL OF ELEMENTARY ANTI-FOG LATTICE. QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF ITS MAIN PROPERTIES

Philippov J.P., Ukhvatova L.S.

Abstract

In the present work, a new model of an elementary anti-fog lattice is formulated. An exact analytical
solution for the electric field of a rectangular flat plate is obtained in terms of elementary functions with
using of superposition principle. The problem of induced dipole moment determining for a water drop
has been solved. It is shown that this parameter is proportional to the external electric field and the
valume of the droplet. The forces of interactions of a drop with an external field and two drops with
each other have been calculatied. The answer is presented in the most general form. The problem of
determination of the rates for coagulation and scaterring of fog drops in the electric field of the lattice
in the one-dimensional case has been solved. The dependences of the electric field and its first and
second derivatives are represented as functuions of the coordinate of the observation point. It is shown
that the curves corresponding to these functions have mirror symmetry with respect to the geometric
center of the lattice. The curves of dependences of droplet accelerations under an external field and an
electric field of a neighboring droplet have been presented. It is shown that for fogs existing in nature,
the acceleration mechanism their drops by an external field in the direction of the lattice plates will be
the main mechanism for scattering of fog. A detailed numerical analysis of the kinematics of droplet
motion in an electric field has been carried out. It is shown that the acceleration of the droplet and
its dipole moment reach maximum values at the surface of the plates. The full scattering time of fog
drops between plates of the lattice does not exceed 8,5 hours. The lattice can be used on motorways,
runways of medium size for effective scattering of fog.

Proceedings of young scientists and specialists of the Samara University. 2021;(1 (18)):158-168
pages 158-168 views

PRACTICAL OVERCOMING OF SOLID STATE LASERS CONS

Vorobiev A.A., Slobozhanina N.A.

Abstract

In this article, we explore drawbacks of solid state lasers and compare practical solutions for them: namely, thermal stress and overheating, electrically caused damage. A numerical experiment was set up using software package Cadence OrCAD, during which the current-voltage characteristics of a low-power laser diode were measured. A brief description of the accompanying physical processes and consequential effects are given for clarity. Practical advices for such problems described and given in detail. 

Proceedings of young scientists and specialists of the Samara University. 2021;(1 (18)):169-172
pages 169-172 views

This website uses cookies

You consent to our cookies if you continue to use our website.

About Cookies