Vol 26, No 2 (2020)

Cover Page

Full Issue

Studying of the history of the Samara Region from the XVI to the early XX century: a historiographical review

Kabytov P.S., Dubman E.L., Kabytova N.N., Leontieva O.B., Smirnov Y.N.

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to summarize the intermediate historiographic results of the study of the history of the Samara Region (pre-revolutionary period). The study is based on the historiographic sources, i.e. monographs, collective works, scholarly articles, conference materials, as well as textbooks and popular science publications on the history of the Samara region. On the base of the historiographic analysis of these works, the authors distinguish several stages of studying the history of the Samara region, characterize the main trends in the development of regional history studies, and identify the changes in thematic priorities and methodological approaches to studying regional history at each of these stages. The history of studying the Samara Region is reviewed in the context of formation of historical education system and research institutions in Samara, the development of the local history movement, the appearance of periodicals on local history, and the organization of scholarly conferences on regional history. The authors prove that, at present, the development of new research methodology has allowed regional science to reach a qualitatively new level, to proceed with the creation of generalizing works and encyclopedic publications on the history of the region; a significant role in coordinating this work belongs to the historians of Samara University. Studying the history of the Samara Region has become interdisciplinary in its character; the cooperation of representatives of various humanitarian specialties, historians, and local history experts is an important condition for inspiring the readers with interest and love for the history of their homeland. In the final part of the article the authors outline possible prospects for the further development of regional history.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2020;26(2):8-24
pages 8-24 views

The Holy See's policy in Spain in 1832-1835: between Carlists and Cristinos

Tereshchuk A.A.

Abstract

The present article studies some aspects of foreign policy of the Holy See in Spain during the First Carlist War (1833-40). The paper is based on materials from Vatican secret archives (Secretariat of state archives, international policy fund). Some previous investigations in that field are shown and discussed. Letters of the apostolic nuncio in Spain in 1827–1833 F. Tiberi and of the nuncio in 1833–1835 (not recognized by the Spanish government) L. Amat to the secretary of state cardinal T. Bernetti are studied. The attitude of the Pope's representatives towards the Carlist movement is shown. The article states that F. Tiberi was against the direct interference of the Holy See in the war in Spain. L. Amat sympathized with the Carlists, but did not believe in their victory. Therefore, he considered that the Holy See should not officially recognize neither side of the conflict. After the suppression of the Society of Jesus in Spain in July 1835, the nuncio was recalled from Madrid. The diplomatic relations between the “liberal” government in Madrid and the Holy See were broken. The break of relations led to negative consequences for the positions of Church in Spain.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2020;26(2):25-32
pages 25-32 views

Emission policy of the pre-revolutionary (tsarist) government of Russia during the First World War and its consequences: facts and figures

Gvozdkov Y.Y.

Abstract

The study is focused on the policy of the pre-revolutionary (tsarist) government of Russia in the field of issuance of paper currency in view of situation around the First World War. Against the background of major historical events and the economic situation general analysis, the article reveals the reasons for the changes in the currency issuing policy in Russia, identifies and traces the consequences of this policy in the view of changes in the financial system, as well as in the transformation of money circulation. It is proved that, recognizing the participation in the war as an emergency requiring significant financial reserves the government was forced to prohibit the exchange of banknotes for gold, and to give the State Bank the right to additional issue of currency. Based on the statistical data analysis, it is found that the repeated extension to the State Bank of the right to issue non-gold-covered paper currency not only provided Russia with a source of funding for the war, but, together with other factors, led to inflation. The main goal of the study is to confirm that the change in Russia’s approach to currency issuance in connection with participation in the war and focusing on budget deficiency coverage by issuing money became one of the main reasons for the subsequent crisis phenomena and processes occurred in the country's economy. The study is based on regulations and statistical data of the considered period involving the work of leading economists of the beginning of the XX century, containing information about the liquidity creation policy in Russia during the years of its participation in the First World War. The paper concluded that the change in the liquidity creation policy in Russia and its continuation in the course of Russia’s participation in the First World War was due only to the need to reimburse the financial costs caused by participation in the War. At the same time, such policy subsequently led to a disorganization of currency circulation and the entire financial system, negatively affecting the economy of the country as a whole.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2020;26(2):33-40
pages 33-40 views

Anti-peasant activities of the All-Russian Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counter-Revolution, Speculation, and Sabotage organs in the Volga Region and in the Ural Region during the Civil War

Mistryugov P.A.

Abstract

The article focuses on the anti-peasant activities of the All-Russian Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counter-Revolution, Speculation, and Sabotage organs in the Volga Region and in the Ural Region during the Civil War. The peasantry of the South-East of the European Russia that suffered a humanitarian catastrophe due to the ruinous politics of the higher party authorities was involved in every form of civil confrontation; however, the peasant opposition towards the authorities became large-scale and stood out because of its huge destructive potential. The analysis of the All-Russian Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counter-Revolution, Speculation, and Sabotage activities lets us not only reveal the repressive motivation of Bolsheviks, who monopolized the power in the Soviets and blocked the initiatives of peasants, but also examine the degree of the involvement and the functional role which belonged to the All-Russian Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counter-Revolution, Speculation, and Sabotage organs during the suppression of peasant protests. The control, supervisory, investigative , judicial, extrajudicial and military methods that were used by the All-Russian Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counter-Revolution, Speculation, and Sabotage organs are demonstrated in the article. That is based on the example of the study of the All-Russian Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counter-Revolution, Speculation, and Sabotage organs participation in the suppression of the Chapan uprising, Black Eagle uprising and Sapozhkov uprising. Moreover, the actions of extraordinary structures towards the partisan peasant units have been studied. In order to research the given problem the published as well as unpublished documents of ordinary and extraordinary soviet government and authority bodies were used. These documents are kept in the Central Archive of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation, the National Archive of the Republic of Bashkortostan, the State Archive of the Saratov Region, the Saratov Region State Archive of Contemporary History, the Central State Archive of the Samara Region. In the course of the research it was proved that the operation of the All-Russian Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counter-Revolution, Speculation, and Sabotage organs reflected the interests of the higher party authorities of the RSFSR, whose aim was the provision of the continuous execution of the military mobilization and economic activities. The peasantry of the Samara, Saratov, Orenburg and Ufa regions turned out to be a hostage of the plans of the centre and their interests were abandoned.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2020;26(2):41-48
pages 41-48 views

On the issue of the results and prospects of studying the Russian economy during the Civil War in the domestic and foreign historiography

Kondrashin V.V.

Abstract

The article analyzes the results and prospects of studying the Russian economy during the Civil War in domestic and foreign historiography. Possible directions of further research work of this important aspect of the problem are indicated. The relevance of the topic is due to the task set by the country's leadership to the Institute of Russian History of the Russian Academy of Sciences to create a new version of the academic history of Russia, in which the events of the Great Russian Revolution and the Civil War of 1917–1922 occupy a special place and remain one of the most controversial issues in modern historical science. This study is based on the principles of historicism and the multifactorial nature of the historical process, which are implemented by the author using historical-comparative, historical-biographical and dialectical methods of studying this problem. Based on the analysis of a significant complex of monographic works devoted to the country's economy during the Civil War or affecting certain aspects of this topic, the author of the article concluded that it was insufficiently studied, especially at the regional level, and pointed out on the need to intensify research in this direction on new sources.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2020;26(2):49-54
pages 49-54 views

Battle of Stalingrad in the diaries of junior lieutenant Rudnitsky

Romanova G.A., Romanov N.N.

Abstract

The authors of the article examine the events of the Battle of Stalingrad through the prism of the diary entries of Junior Lieutenant Z.S. Rudnitsky. The authors set themselves a number of tasks for revealing the topic: to show the role of air defense and its contribution to the victory at Stalingrad; evaluate the level of material and technical supply of the Red Army, evaluate the value of front-line diaries as a historical source. The relevance of this topic is explained by the need to understand the processes that resulted in the greatest military victory of World War II, as well as the increased interest in diaries as a historical source, which researchers attribute to the so-called “soft” communicative memory. The novelty of the study is the introduction into the scientific circulation of a previously unknown source – the front-line diary of Z.S. Rudnitsky, which he led throughout the battle of Stalingrad. The value of the present source lies in the display of direct perception of the war through the eyes of a young nineteen-year-old lieutenant. Working with the materials of diary entries allowed to deepen our ideas about supplying and arming the defenders of Stalingrad, their moral condition, domestic problems. The study was carried out as part of the problem field of memory studies using retrospective, comparative historical, interdisciplinary methods.
Based on an analysis of everyday life of the front lieutenant Rudnitsky, who fought on the Stalingrad front as part of the 303 artillery-anti-aircraft regiment, it was concluded that the daily military feat of the anti-aircraft gunners made it possible to block the sky over the city for German aviation, especially during the counteroffensive. The value of this feat becomes even more obvious against the background of an extremely difficult state and a lack of machinery, equipment, household inconveniences. It is concluded that it is necessary to introduce into the scientific circulation diaries that significantly expand the range of historical sources.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2020;26(2):55-61
pages 55-61 views

Work of higher education institutes in Kuibyshev in extreme wartime conditions

Ryabov V.V., Kozlovskaya G.E.

Abstract

The article analyses the work of institutes in the city of Kuibyshev during the second world war. The war terms for the higher education institutions in the city of Kuibyshev were caused by the beginning of the Great Patriotic War and set by the normative legal acts which were adopted by federal and municipal, government and party authority. According to these acts all the institutes lost the main part of learning campuses, some of them were supposed to be closed. Laboratories and educational property were moved to the warehouse and as a result lost its value for educational process. It reveals the initiative position of institute directors who objected to closing the institutes and offered the plans of institute work in extreme wartime conditions. The educational process was organized in the own remaining areas as well as in the rented schools and technical colleges in the evening and even night time. The diverse institute work such as learning, scientific, educative, public, economic was changed according to the current objectives and tasks of the state. Moreover, the authors show the contribution of Kuibyshev institutes into the Victory.
The authors conclude that spiritual and physical overtension of teaching staff and students, their firm civil position, the support of local party and government authority helped to keep Kuibyshev institutes as the higher education institution system which promoted establishing a strong industrial center during the postwar period in Kuibyshev region.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2020;26(2):62-69
pages 62-69 views

Prerequisites for the digital transformation of the Russian education system

Boronenko T.A., Fedotova V.S.

Abstract

Abstract: The authors note the tendency of digital transformation of different spheres of human activity. Many scientific studies describe the results of the digital transformation of education, characterize ways of adapting teachers and students to the conditions of the new digital environment and consider the formation of digital competencies of teachers and digital literacy of students. At the same time, scientists do not consider the reasons that actualize digital transformation. The purpose of the study is to identify external and internal factors that determine the digital transformation of the Russian education system at the present stage of development of society. The authors are building a causal relationship model of the digital transformation of the education system. The authors choose the principles of a systematic approach as the methodological basis of the study. They consider the digital transformation of education as a system of transformations that have a complex transformative effect. This impact is based on taking into account the diversity of interconnections between the components of the education system. The authors substantiate the nature of digital transformation as a large-scale transformation, as a process of implementing digital technologies, as an improvement in the quality of the results of the educational process. The authors consider the factors and results of digital transformation in various projections. In accordance with the ideas of a systematic approach, the authors describe the essence of digital transformation in the form of a causal relationship model of the digital transformation of the education system. The causal relationship model of the digital transformation of education allows us to systematically see the development trends of Russian education and in the future to develop the right strategies to improve its quality and competitiveness. The use of digital technologies in the educational process provides a rational assessment of their need for solving specific educational problems. The main role of digital technologies consists in technological improvement of the educational process, expansion of the didactic capabilities of the teacher, activation and motivation of personal interaction between the teacher and students.

 

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2020;26(2):70-78
pages 70-78 views

Physical well-being of teachers as a factor in the effectiveness of their professional activities

Vinogradova G.A., Chapala T.V., Ilich M.

Abstract

The urgency of the problem in the present study is associated with dramatic changes in the system of contemporary Russian education, which, on the one hand, are positive, and on the other contribute to emotional stress. Teacher, experiencing a state of stress, negatively affects students, transferring their negative emotions and often exerting a negative impact. Even those teachers who try to resist are also prone to burnout and psychosomatic diseases in these conditions. The article is devoted to the identification and analysis of cognitive and emotional changes of teachers, and their correlation with nosological form of cardiovascular disease, identifying the features of psychological, emotional states depending on earlier diagnosis. Mental status of the teacher is reflected in his personality changes in behaviour. The materials are based on the results of studies of physical well-being of teachers and its impact on the quality of the solution of pedagogical tasks. The study was conducted on the basis of the therapeutic department of the polyclinic № 1 in Togliatti. Experimental data confirm that stressful situations characteristic of the educational activities provoke diseases, which are a response to external negative impacts.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2020;26(2):79-83
pages 79-83 views

Using the associative method of studying the text during university classes in literary disciplines

Golubkov S.A.

Abstract

The article deals with the productive possibilities of the associative method of studying a literary text at university classes in literary disciplines. The student's creative thinking is characterized by the ability to generate new and sometimes unexpected semantic connections. Creative thinking largely depends on the so-called associative flexibility. There are several areas in the university teaching of literary studies in which the associative method of studying the text is effective. These are areas determined by the specifics of the type of artistic thinking, the specifics of a particular genre, and the individual manner of the writer. The method of developing associative thinking is important in the study of lyrical prose, where the specific weight of subtextual semantic nuances is high. Another area of literary studies in which an associative method of understanding a text is appropriate is the study of irony, including parody as «ironic stylization». The very process of laughable reinterpretation of a foreign» word implies the presence of a potential arsenal of situational associative references. At the same time, classes in literary studies use not only literary texts that are part of the main body of Russian literature, but also the range of phenomena that belongs to the so-called «creative laboratory» of the writer: writer's diaries, notebooks, work records, epistolary heritage. The method of associative study of the text can be used in the course of classes on «practical poetics», where students comprehend all the complexities of the artistic form of a literary work. Using the associative method of studying a literary text helps to better understand the nature of the dialogical interaction between the writer and the reader, because a literary work is nothing more than a «replica» in the ongoing communication between the author and the recipient of his creation. This communication has its own hidden languages. A literary work can be called a meaning-intensive space of meeting and touching the associative fields of the writer and the reader. The educational tasks that can be solved by the associative method of learning are diverse. This technology helps to effectively assimilate special terminology; understand internal system connections in a literary text; establish significant connections between a specific literary phenomenon and the historical and literary context, cultural epoch; form and enrich connections between a specific writer's manner (stylistic originality) and the national Fund of the Russian language; identify cross-references between a specific literary phenomenon and the national cultural code; to determine the balance of traditional and innovative in relation to a specific literary text.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2020;26(2):84-89
pages 84-89 views

Acmeological resources of personal development in the paradigm of humanistic pedagogy

Kurylenko L.V.

Abstract

The article explores the problem of interaction of the individual and society, which together determines the identification and differentiation of the unique and universal personality with the goal of proportional development of the individual in society. The necessity and possibility of developing a unique and universal personality are proved on the basis of the principles of harmony and unity. It is argued that the proportional development of the individual in society is ensured by acmeological postulates that act as a trigger mechanism. The acmeological conditions of personality development are proposed and substantiated, relying on the idea of harmonizing the unique and universal in the personality, the role of which is played by the conditions: for the growth of the personality’s self, development of its emotional sphere, creation of a favorable environment and conditions for the person to master the system of social roles. Together, they all represent the acmeological resources of personality development. As a result of identifying and arguing the group of acmeological conditions for the development of personality, a number of patterns are identified that help to solve the problems of harmonious development of the personality against the background of the universal and identification of uniqueness of personality with the universal.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2020;26(2):90-94
pages 90-94 views

Universities of culture: current state, goals and objectives of development

Kurina V.A., Kurulenko E.A.

Abstract

The article presents the author's opinion on the current state of training in the universities of culture with the new social conditions and requirements stated in the documents of the modernization of education, as well as strategic goals and objectives for the development of culture in Russia. The relevance of the chosen topic is determined by the need to address the issues of training highly qualified personnel for the sphere of culture and arts, taking into account modern requirements for specialists, as well as the provisions of the "Fundamentals of cultural policy of the Russian Federation". There is a problem associated with determining ways to resolve the identified shortcomings in the process of cultural development in the country, which affects the preservation of cultural values in society and disrupts the process of transferring cultural heritage to the next generations. In this regard, it is possible to formulate the purpose of the article, which is to theoretically substantiate the current state of cultural universities that train specialists for the socio-cultural sphere and present a practical solution to the problems that have arisen. For research on the chosen topic, a set of research methods was used: theoretical analysis, synthesis, structural-functional, logical. Special attention is paid to the analysis of official documents on the development of culture in the Russian Federation, as well as to the review of the activities of universities of culture in Russia and creative foreign universities. As a result of the conducted research, the shortcomings that hinder the development of culture in the Russian Federation and regions, as well as possible ways to resolve existing problems, are identified. In addition, the practical experience of solving the goals and objectives outlined in the strategy for the development of culture is presented. Conclusions, generalizations are made and recommendations are given for solving the identified problems in the development of culture.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2020;26(2):95-101
pages 95-101 views

Academics’ Training for International Communication and Collaboration

Merkulova L.P., Kashina E.G.

Abstract

The article deals with the problem of academics’ acquisition of practical skills in international communication and collaboration. The authors investigate the Russian and overseas experience of academics’ teaching for international pedagogical integration in terms of its possible educational outcomes. The paper proves that academics should be oriented towards the comprehensive assessment of the modern overseas pedagogical approaches and professional development principles and their comparison with the approaches in the Russian Federation. The authors apply modeling, content analysis of the university educational programs, and theoretical overview of the research papers which are related to this article. The authors conclude that interactive learning contributes to academics’ international integration. The results of the paper can be used in the system of higher education to develop academic programs and assessment tools. The research is recommended for the university lecturers and specialists dealing with optimization and adaptation of training content and teaching methodology to labour market needs.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2020;26(2):102-106
pages 102-106 views

Innovative orientation of the university lecturer activity

Rudneva T.I.

Abstract

The article deals with significant changes in the educational process of a modern university, focuses on the change in motivation and value orientations of teachers of an innovative university in connection with globalization. Attention is drawn to the characteristics of modern education as a new social industry, due to the digital economy and the new generation of students. The article notes that digital learning (such a concept was introduced in the thesaurus of professional pedagogy) sets new lines in pedagogical activity, meeting resistance of some teachers who are not ready to use electronic tools and perform new professional functions, for example, monitoring learning outcomes. An increase in the teaching load causes teachers to distrust the reforms carried out in education, and sometimes professional deformation.
It is proved that the quality of education is determined not only by digital technologies, but also by the quality of educational conditions, professional and pedagogical competence of the teacher. At the same time, methodological support of experienced teachers is required to adapt to innovations and beginners in order to compensate for the lack of knowledge, skills and abilities when performing innovative tasks. The article provides a link to the experience of organizing advanced training for teachers at Samara University, the essence of which is that the results of research on relevant pedagogical problems by its teachers become the basis for determining the content of programs in the system of further education.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2020;26(2):107-111
pages 107-111 views

Linguo-pragmatic parameters of the English medical scientific minitexts

Golubykh A.A.

Abstract

This paper proposes the linguo-pragmatic analysis of English medical abstracts within scientific discourse. Both scientific medical advancement and increasingly larger role of scientific discourse as a source of authentic evidence-based knowledge motivated this research. Evidence-based medicine is gaining importance and, as a result, becomes quite popular. Its foundations are becoming the methodological framework in scientific medical research. Advances in understanding of medical science cause the creation of new medical terms which enrich the concept ‘medicine’. This study seeks to reveal and systematize linguo-pragmatic characteristics of the concept ‘medicine’ within the boundaries of scientific discourse. We focus on the analysis of medical scientific minitexts, abstracts in particular, because they perform both informative and pragmatic functions. The empirical study is based upon the modern scientific articles from top-rated medicine journals «BMC Medicine», «BMJ Open», «The Lancet Infectious Diseases» and includes such methods as data collection and analysis, description and classification of material, semantic and conceptual analysis accompanied by discourse analysis. One important finding is that according to the most popular themes of medical studies we can find the main trends in the evolution of modern medicine. Another remarkable result is that the medical linguistic markers under consideration form the concept ‘medicine’ mainly nominating diseases, diagnostic techniques, medical studies and trials as well as medical scientific models. It is interesting to note that the highest human values – life and health–lie at the heart of medical trials and form their pragmatic potential. Further analysis showed that the authors’ use of word compression, abbreviation, stylistic devices (metaphors, metonyms and allusions) and graphic design (quotation marks and italic type), which are the most popular and vivid linguo-pragmatic features of abstracts in English-language medical articles contributes to pragmatic potential of the texts under study and makes them appealing to the reader.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2020;26(2):112-120
pages 112-120 views

Using an e-course in teaching Russian to beginners (using the example of Chinese students)

Bo G.

Abstract

In this article we are talking about particularities of usage of different e-learning courses in teaching Chinese students of the first term Russian as a foreign language. The author describes in detail the difficulties faced by Chinese students in the process of learning Russian as a foreign language, and also gives a brief description of experience of Russian authors of various courses of the Russian language, designed for Chinese students. The author also provides a comparative description of e-courses for foreign students, analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of these courses. The main electronic courses analyzed by the author were: «Success+», «Learn Russian», «Russian for Everyone», «Education in Russian», «Paints», «3 ears», «Interactive author's courses of the Pushkin Institute and A modern electronic textbook "Golden Ring 1». Russian language course «Interactive author's courses of the Pushkin Institute» was considered by the author to be the most suitable course for teaching Chinese students in the first year of Russian language training, since it presents the most complete and well-structured learning system, including texts, audio and video materials, as well as numerous diverse tasks aimed at improving the effectiveness of the process of mastering the Russian language. As a result, the author emphasizes that in the process of using e-courses in teaching Chinese students Russian, the main emphasis should be placed on the development of the secondary language personality of the student, as well as on the formation of a number of necessary competencies of Chinese students of the first term.

 

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2020;26(2):121-126
pages 121-126 views

Comparative analysis of methods and types of creolization in English and Russian scientific and technical texts: the case of railway discourse texts

Terpak M.A., Abdrakhmanova L.V.

Abstract

English and Russian scientific and technical texts of railway discourse are analyzed in the article in order to detect, describe and compare specific methods and types of such texts creolization. In the research the author draws on the up-to-date theory of creolized texts problematics, emphasizing texts in scientific language as the particular object under study. The scientific and technical text ordonnance is analyzed here for purposes of special texts satiation with verbal and non-verbal communicating means and their quantitative relation. The author concretizes the cohesion of the constituents of the scientific and technical texts (arrangement, textuality, functionality). The goal of the research is to study creolization methods and types of highly-specialized English and Russian scientific texts (in the context of railway discourse) followed by the comparative analysis, searching out certain similarities and differences in ways and means of informative value of the English and Russian texts forming. English and Russian teaching-learning materials, scientific publications and periodicals were used as empiric material source. The railway discourse is an understudied linguistic phenomenon. The results of the scientific railway texts comparative analysis for purposes of non-verbal communicating means using, creolized texts classification according to their components interaction, linguistic and visual means description are more likely for present cross-disciplinary researches. The conclusions drawn from the study will help the researchers who would like his/her article to be published in an oversea periodical to make the ordonnance of his/her text in the authentic manner.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2020;26(2):127-136
pages 127-136 views

System relations between word-building types of verbs with the meaning of negative consequences of action

Godizova Z.I., Van Q.

Abstract

The article is devoted to the description of the system relations between word-building types corresponding to the aktionsart with the meaning of negative consequences of action. This is a group of prefixal and confixal verbs where the negative effects of an action are caused by excessive intensity or duration of action. The study of aktionsart with the meaning of negative consequences of action is of great interest first of all for they express the complex of aspectual meanings and it is essential to identify what creates such a complex semantics. Secondly, the semantics of negative consequences itself should be specified. Multiplicity of the mentioned aktionsarts confirms that semantics of negative consequences of action is relevant for the Russian language and for the whole Russian linguistic worldview. It is noteworthy to determine possible system relations arising between the verbs of the mentioned aktionsarts. The purpose of the article is to identify possible system relations arising between verbs of the specified manners of action. While the study methods of observation, description, functional and semantic analysis, component analysis were used. As a material for the study, examples from works by Russian writers selected from the Russian National Corpus (S.A. Alexievich. V.P. Astafyev, V.V. Bykov. F.M. Dostoyevsky, A.I. Kuprin, O.A. Slavnikova, V.I. Shukshin) were used. The conducted research elicited possible relations of word-building synonymy between different word-building types when identical word-building meanings are expressed by derivatives with different affixes and with a common derivative base. This type of word-formative synonymy is revealed in the framework of total aktionsart (with prefixes iz- and vy-) and excessive-multiple aktionsart (with confixes iz-...-sya and vy-...-sya). Amid the various word-formative types with the same prefix the relationships of enantiosemy (verbs with the prefixes ob-, za-, na-) were revealed as well. Opposite meanings of increase and diminution of action intensity arise in case the prefix is combined with different groups of motivating verbs. The reasons of this phenomenon are established.

 

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2020;26(2):137-143
pages 137-143 views

The concept «Germany» in German language textbooks for the elementary level: linguocultural markers

Shukman V.E.

Abstract

The article is devoted to the analysis of linguocultural markers of the concept «Germany» in German language textbooks for the elementary level (A 1). Central to this study is the question of using what language means authors of textbooks offer learners and structure information about Germany in the framework of educational discourse. The aim of the study is to determine which representatives form the concept «Germany» in German language textbooks for the elementary level, into which semantic groups they can be categorically divided and what is their quantitative ratio and combinatorics in different textbooks of this type. This aim defined such tasks as the selection of the lexical representatives of the concept «Germany» in all parts of the textbooks, the distribution of the selected representatives according to the categories developed during the study, the comparative analysis of the methods of verbalization (lexical filling) of the categories in relation to each textbook, and in comparison with each other and the subsequent infographic presentation of the results. The main research methods are discursive-conceptual and comparative analysis. The empirical materials as sources of factual materials were the German language textbooks «Berliner Platz 1 NEU», «Netzwerk A1.1», «Netzwerk A1.2», and the theoretical basis of the study were the fundamental works on cognitive linguistics by S.A. Askoldov (Alekseev) , V.Z. Demyankov, E.S. Kubryakova, V.I. Karasik, Yu.S. Stepanov and other scientists who researched the definitions of concept and conceptosphere, whose definitions and particular methods also served as the basis for the conceptual and linguistic analysis of this study. The results of conceptual and comparative analysis presented in this article were obtained on the basis of the research conducted in collaboration with scientists from the University Würzburg and specialists from the university’s language center, and are significant and unique. The relevance and novelty of this study is that as a result of the active migration and the influx of foreigners from different countries and cultures into modern Germany, the concept «Germany» in German language textbooks must be linguistically correctly represented so that it will be relevant and useful for foreigners from any culture, and also will positively reflect Germany as a place for life, work, investment, study and tourism. Therefore, it is very important to understand with what language means the concept «Germany» is represented in the modern German language textbooks for foreigners, which are used in most language centers in Germany, as well as in Russia, how relevant are the resulting conceptospheres to life, business and tourism in modern Germany.

 

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2020;26(2):144-153
pages 144-153 views

Genre typology of German town chronicles of the Late Medieval and Early Modern period

Dunaev A.E.

Abstract

In Early New High German, a realignment and enrichment of the genre system of German literature language took place. A key role belonged in this period (that is, XV and XVI centuries) to the historiography, in the first place – town chronicles. They developed, among other sources, out of the annals and other administrative writings and took their origin both in the need of upper social groups in legitimization of town structures and their general interest in history. Generally, there are two types of town chronicles, that is, official ones, which were written at the request of the town hall, and private ones. Legitimization, informing, didactic and even entertaining functions were proper to both types, but with different priority: whereas for the official chronicles, legitimization and documentation were the primary functions, for the private ones, informing and entertaining played main role. The chronicles were characterized by the syncretism and intertextuality, which means that they included charts, acts and other official documents (or their fragments) in their narrative structure. There was some difference between the authors and recipients of official chronicles, on the one hand, and these of private chronicles, on the other hand: whereas the authors of the first type were usually town scribes or highly-educated clerics, the private chronicles could also be written by ordinary citizens. Many official chronicles were initially intended for a limited circle of magistrates and not for a wide reception. For the language of town chronicles, a strong evaluative component was essential. The language of chronicles was based on the author's individual style and could vary in a wide range: from clear syntactical structures with predominance of hypotaxis and rich arsenal of stylistic means up to a plain parataxis with a simple enumeration of facts and events. Frequent use of adverbial modifiers with temporal meaning was typical. In the eyes of contemporaries, the chronicles were not exactly a genre, but rather a written history.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2020;26(2):154-163
pages 154-163 views

The Evolution of the «America» Concept Representation within the Framework of the American Photographic Discourse of the XX сentury

Shevchenko V.D., Komarov A.V.

Abstract

The present article is devoted to the analysis of the concept «America» as exemplified by the nominative paradigm of the American photographic discourse. The authors presume that the practical significance of the present article consists of the applicability of research results during the Practical English and American Studies classes due to the full language immersion to the linguocultural worldview of the USA by virtue of such photographs’ qualities as illustrative purpose and authenticity. The relevance of research is determined by the necessity of investigating the influence that the American photographic discourse has on the artistic and social-political spheres of society life. The aim of the present article is to study the constituents of «America» concept from the point of view of linguosynergetic approach interpreted as examination of the dynamic language system over a long period of time. The authors analyze the American photographic discourse as a complex communicative phenomenon, examine the interaction and interinfluence of the pictorial art and photography as part of the American artistic tradition. The authors analyze the semantic peculiarities of the «America» macro-concept and also carry out research regarding the structure of «Area», «Human», «Architecture», «Environment», «History», «Culture» micro-concepts, which actualize the «America» macro-concept. The authors conclude that the nominative paradigm of the American photographic discourse is characterized by a high degree of anthropocentricity, personal photographers’ interest in the new objects of research («Hi-Tech», «Human» / «Nude»), searching the new forms of artistic photography. The evolution of the nominative paradigm results in decrease of the qualitative rate of «Racism» and «The Great Depression» concepts’ representatives as a result of the objective socio-historic events.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2020;26(2):164-168
pages 164-168 views

National identity and its verbal reflection in the English media discourse

Mosyagina M.S.

Abstract

The article analyzes the reflection of national identity in modern English-language media discourse. Nowadays the problem of national identity is one of foreground issues in the field of humanistic knowledge, however, it has usually escaped the attention of linguists. Meanwhile, it was pointed out many times in linguistic literature that there is an increasing trend towards all national in the context of globalization in the world today. Consideration of national identity based on the linguistic approach undertaken in this article contributes to both the introduction of national identity issues in the field of linguistic analysis and the establishment of its specificity in the English-language media discourse. News media texts’ fragments of “The Independent” and “The Guardian” dated 2019 were analyzed in this article. It demonstrates the novelty and relevance of the research. In order to clarify linguistic framework for the analysis the linguistic concept of identification was clarified as a correlation of an individual with a social group or ethnic and social community. The approach to genres differentiation of media discourse was developed under this article. It was especially emphasized that identified linguistic methods for actualization of national identity relate only to the genre of news reports which are characterized as non-subjective. Nevertheless, the author finds ways of expressing his/her complicity in British nation by means of modality and through the selection of quotes that correspond to his/her understanding of events. As a result, it all turns out to be a means of author’s national self-identification in terms of its solidarity with the authors of quotations as representatives of the British nation. This study was carried out with the use of the contextual method, the descriptive method and the method of communicative analysis which made it possible to identify a variety of means representing the national identity of the author.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2020;26(2):169-175
pages 169-175 views

Book Reviews

Review on the book: Matveichuk A.A. Essays of history of Russian oil industry. Moscow: drevlekhranilishche, 2020, 346 p.

Kuryatnikov V.N.

Abstract

A high appraisal of the monograph devoted to the history of the Russian oil industry is given. The main lines of its development and the employment issue are analyzed. The significant author’s contribution to the objective elucidation of the key topics according to the history of the oil industry, among them a lot of under investigated and argumentative issues, is detected.

Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology. 2020;26(2):176-180
pages 176-180 views

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