CONTROL OF THE POLITBURO OF THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE OF THE ALL-UNION COMMUNIST PARTY (BOLSHEVIKS) OVER THE CONDUCT OF POLITICALLY SIGNIFICANT CRIMINAL CASES IN COURTS OF GENERAL JURISDICTION

The purpose of the article is to reflect the mechanism of decision-making of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) with regard to cases having socio-political nature considered at the political commission of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) on the basis of introduction of new archival documents into scientific circulation.

The reform of the judicial system at that time was necessary to maintain the revolutionary rule of law  in the country. Despite the fact that it was of a pronounced political nature full trust to it from party bodies as it was visible wasn't.

The author found that after the introduction of party control over the activities of state security bodies, since the mid-1920-ies party control and the consideration of court cases. With this purpose the Political Commission of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) was created. It is established that in the process of its activity there were double standards in making decisions on criminal cases, this was clearly manifested in the consideration of the so-called «Chita case». Its public consideration was extremely negative political result. In this regard, the crime committed by members of the Communist party, members of the Politburo, explained the complete lack of understanding of the committed act on their part. The highest party body of the country, as an exception, made the decision to limit the use of non-criminal and party punishment to criminals.